tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-72725639407989978242024-02-08T06:02:40.677-08:00How to write a research proposalUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger216125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-72710156960630772672020-09-02T16:12:00.001-07:002020-09-02T16:12:03.986-07:00The Importance of Having Dreams Free EssaysDreams! Objectives! Beliefs! They all mean the equivalent. These things are what fill each human alive. They are a piece of life and human instinct. We will compose a custom paper test on The Importance of Having Dreams or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now We as a whole have the innate want for a decent life. Dreams are essential to the life of each individual. Without dreams, there is nothing to plan or anticipate; in this way, no motivation to live. Dreams are what keep all of us going. The meaning of a fantasy is ââ¬Ëhopeââ¬â¢; a motivation; a point. Each individual dreams, the fantasies contrast enormously from individual to individual, some being little while others ridiculously huge. Be that as it may, for what reason is it significant? Dreams prop us up â⬠rousing us to never abandon life. You may state you donââ¬â¢t have a fantasy, notwithstanding, thatââ¬â¢s outlandish â⬠just by needing to have something can likewise be considered as a figment. At whatever point you begin to abandon life your fantasies will turn into your caffeinated drink that will prop you up. Carrying on with a life resembles running a long distance race. You run midway and begin to feel your muscles straining then after a couple of runs you begin to surrender â⬠precisely how life works. Life isnââ¬â¢t simply loaded up with rainbows and gumdrops; it will never be loaded up with just joy. Like in a long distance race you will encounter some uneven rounds that will pulls you down, the rough streets that will make you consider surrendering. In any case, in running a significant distance race there will consistently be a spot to get a few rewards, rewards that will give you a lift [ consider Popeye when he eats spinach, he gets macho and begins to spare the lady in trouble ]. On the off chance that you relate it with life, those rewards are spoken to by your fantasies â⬠delusions that power you up to never be stomped on somewhere near hopelessness and inclination to surrender. Dreams offer importance to our lives and making us what our identity is. Have you at any point felt so dead as though nothing around you at any point made a difference? Or on the other hand the sentiment of weariness and futility that addresses you at the rear of your psyche about your reality? Well I did, and it wasnââ¬â¢t a charming inclination. I felt as though I was being sucked in a pit of vacancy. I felt so unfilled, alone and frail. I even addressed myself why I was alive and it even got to the heart of the matter when it didnââ¬â¢t matter to me in the event that I kick the bucket. Luckily, does days didnââ¬â¢t keep going long. At the point when the idea I had always wanted struck a chord I understood what life really intends to me. It gave me an alternate perspective on life; revealing to me that I canââ¬â¢t bite the dust not until I accomplish my fantasies. Besides, our figment makes us what our identity is. Everybody has an alternate dream and these fantasies are what impact our entire lives. Without dreams an individual has no inspiration â⬠there would be no reason for going to class or finding a new line of work, since nobody would fantasy about having a profession or family. Dreams are what inspires us and props us up through the tough situations. We fantasy about an option that could be better than we by and by have and it is a fantasy like having a fruitful occupation and a family; that propel us to prevail with regards to accomplishing our objectives. ââ¬Å"Men are destined to succeed, not fall flat. ââ¬Å", said by Henry David Thoreau. Our fabrications are there to ensure that we prevail throughout everyday life. We made them to give us trust and to focus on a superior life later on. We endeavor more enthusiastically every day for satisfying our fantasies with the goal that one day we can gladly reveal to ourselves that we have no more laments throughout everyday life. You wouldnââ¬â¢t need to kick the bucket with laments right? Since you probably won't be upbeat in your next life loaded up with laments in not having the option to accomplish any you had always wanted. Did you realize that fantasies can transform a dormant criminal into one of the most dedicated man that youââ¬â¢ve ever met? Dreams are incredible things, particularly when you accept and put your heart in them. Dreams change as we get more seasoned and some are less significant than others, however regardless of how trifling or little the fantasies are, they are as yet significant since it brings some sense into our lives, giving it a reason. Without these fantasies our lives would be vacant and unimportant. Step by step instructions to refer to The Importance of Having Dreams, Papers Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-77848966357617504332020-08-22T16:16:00.001-07:002020-08-22T16:16:35.567-07:00Newspapers and Television Media Forum Types EssayPapers and Television Media Forum Types - Essay Example The specialist expresses that there are hugely huge issues that the two papers and TV bring up, and under the spaces of the political systems, the equivalent become much progressively significant. These touch upon the negativities that have defaced the governmental issues of the time, the consistent improvements occurring for the general population, the between linkages and connections that have sprung up from time to time among the political powers, et cetera. The need is to see how the papers and TV have had the option to cover pretty much everything that is important to the general crowds, who are the majority without a doubt. The component of uncovering the political procedure is something that moves into the open with the consolidation of the papers and TV over the long haul. What is much increasingly important is an understanding that papers and TV have been related with discovering the subtleties that no other road of life has had the option to marshal up. The component of inf luence connected to the two papers and TV is there in light of the fact that individuals rely upon them for their believability that they bring to the fore. Simply the way that the news is available on the wireless transmissions or in the print recommends that it has validity which could be trusted upon and looked for confirmation from the individuals who are accountable for the equivalent. Notwithstanding, there are trust issues among the individuals from various cross-segments of life yet pretty much, the individuals do accept the composed word and the news that are run on the TV. Inside a political battle, the influence is a center premise of the work that the papers and TV do. Both these media gatherings fundamentally instruct and advise the voters about the job regarding the ideological groups and the crusades that are being finished. What is much progressively huge is the way that the component of influence gets a permanent impact on the psyches and hearts of the individuals i n the event that they have perused it in the papers or seen it for their own selves on the TV. A component of belongingness appears to join what is there on the papers and on TV. This is the motivation behind why numerous political crusades community on the utilization of the two papers and TV for their political mileage just as to arrive at select objective crowds. This is one of the center reasons why tremendous achievement has been accomplished inside the related positions under the conversation of influence paving the way to the political crusades and procedures. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-69765323640606606032020-08-21T13:58:00.001-07:002020-08-21T13:58:10.013-07:00Luxury Products & Management Samples for Students â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.cQuestion: Talk about the Deceptive Counterfeit Luxury Products. Answer: Fake methods duplicating how something is made. In item fake, the maker mirrors how the first item is made in order to pick up the prevalent estimation of the imitated item. Impersonation can be utilized in producing records and money however the most region influenced is programming and hardware like telephone, watches, and parts of the vehicle, shoes, tote, garments and shoes. China is the main nation in creating fake items with a portion of its online stages like Alibaba being blamed for advancing fake (Bian, et al, 2017). There are two known kinds of fake on the buyer. They incorporate beguiling and non-tricky. Tricky fake is the point at which the client doesn't know that the nature of the item isn't equivalent to unique. Numerous organizations have encountered this kind of fake, and they have put different measures to battle it. A model is in the article of Marc Brain on the Alibabas Jack Ma. A customer bought a phony thing unwittingly, and the purchaser needed to request the cash back. Another type of fake is non-beguiling fake for the most part on extravagance items. Non-beguiling fake is the point at which the purchaser knows that the item the person in question is purchasing is phony. The buyer despite everything takes part in purchasing the phony item realizing that it isn't the first form. Zones generally influenced with fake are the region in design and PC programming. Industry influenced in style resemble Gucci, Luis Vuitton among others (Koklic, 2011). The customer buying extravagance products consistently need to purchase non-beguiling merchandise since they think they have nearly something very similar at a lower cost. Like a decent Monogram, Zippy Wallet cost 455 Euros while a phony one cost 40 Euros. A portion of the purchasers will go for the phony item in light of the fact that the fake items additionally bid to individuals who need to show their status however can't manage the cost of the certifiable item while a few customers accept that huge ventures can't make misfortunes because of fake merchandise, yet rather the fake items make the huge firms famous. It is likewise accepted by certain scientists like Gresmans model that the choice measures looked by an individual when confronted with a moral issue is influenced by the aim, worth, and information. Also, buyers are seen of the estimation of the non-tricky fake items, and this is the principle motivation behind why they buy these items. In the situation where the estimation of fake is higher or nearly equivalent to unique item, individuals will purchase the first item and disregard the duplicate (Bian, et al, 2017). Consequently the announcement doesn't take a shot at this sort of products. The motivation behind why a few buyers neglect to identify the fake item. The primary motivation behind why shopper neglect to identify fake item is that brand proprietors don't continue reminding purchasers about the interesting component of their image The subsequent explanation is that the fake organizations are more popular in online networking than the first organizations henceforth the customer acclimate with the phony item than the first one Another motivation behind why it is difficult to separate the fake and the first item is on the grounds that the phony organization make items which are practically genuine and of good quality References Bian, X., Veloutsou, C. (2017). Purchasers Attitudes Regarding Non-tricky Counterfeit Brands in the UK and China. In Advances in Chinese Brand Management (pp. 331-350). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Koklic, M. K. (2011). Non-misleading forging buy conduct: Antecedents of perspectives and buy expectations. Diary of Applied Business Research, 27(2), 127. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-55313415889856204832020-05-31T01:37:00.001-07:002020-05-31T01:37:03.312-07:00Dueling Narrators Exploring Narrative Distance in Tracks - Literature Essay Samples For a novel rife with references often complicated for non-native readers to understand, the narrative discord created within Tracks between Pauline and Nanapush only complicates the reading further. The variations in distance between the narrators and the characters, the narrators and the reader, and the narrators themselves work to create a dynamic that encourages the reader to favor one narratorââ¬â¢s account over the other. Both narrators exemplify narrative distance or closeness in terms of intellect, emotion, and temporality in relation to the other characters, and this in turn impacts the readerââ¬â¢s relationship to each narrator. When such narrative distance is analyzed, Nanapush can be favored as the most reliable and likeable narrator, despite his trickster nature and his discord with Pauline. The existence of Pauline as a dual narrator-character evokes an emotional and intellectual distance between herself and the other characters. Her self-imposed martyrdom for the Catholic Church allows Pauline to extend herself past the troubles found in her Ojibwa community and escape from its emotional consequences. Although it provides a fascinating psychological break for the reader from the government imposed strife rupturing the lives of the other characters, Pauline becomes intellectually and emotionally distanced from the others. She even acknowledges her distance from the Matchimanto community: ââ¬Å"I had told Superior this would be my one last visitâ⬠¦They would not miss me. I was pledged to a task, and when it was accomplished I would have no further use, or quarter, for this lost tribe of Israelâ⬠(Erdrich 196). Here, she explicitly acknowledges the extent to which she has severed her relationships with the others by making it clear that this is her last visit an d that she knows she will not be missed. She has continuously taken her Christian identity to the extreme, and by doing so, she makes it very clear that the other characters are unable to understand or devote themselves to God as she has been called to do. It is because of this that they will not grieve each otherââ¬â¢s absence. She is so willing to separate herself from her previous Ojibwa identity that it makes her frustration with the other characters for not being as devout all the more apparent. Her intellectual distance, therefore, exists because of religious dissonance, and her emotional distance exists because she is able to distinguish herself with a separate Christian, and seemingly white, identity. When combined, she becomes so distanced from the reality of the other characters that her account of their lives becomes all the more tinged with unreliability. Paulineââ¬â¢s shifting back and forth between her journey at the convent and time spent on her native homeland creates a temporal fractures in her account. When this is combined with unclear moments of retrospection, like chapter fourââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"In the years to come, I learned Her in each detailâ⬠(92), and the range of years that each chapter supposedly covers, it becomes even more difficult to accept her account as an accurate reflection of the plight of the other characters. For the reader, it evokes confusion as it is difficult to grasp a clear timeline as to when she is receiving what information and, in turn, when she chooses to reveal it to the reader. In her chapters, the reader still inherently relies on Paulineââ¬â¢s account of what is happening to the larger community, and when she chooses to distance herself by joining the convent, the reader loses the sense of temporality that Nanapush better provides. It is because of this that Nanapush becomes more temp orally close to the reader as Pauline evokes more distance. Her escape to the convent confuses the linear progression of fact, and this is immediately evident when she begins to narrate chapter eight. The immediate transition from Nanapushââ¬â¢s account of Nector supposedly taking the money to pay the tax at the end of chapter seven is directly juxtaposed with Paulineââ¬â¢s very personal and self-centered focus on detailing her self-proclaimed martyrdom as chapter eight commences. This positioning of narrative transition indicates a clear divide between the differences in the distances of both narratives, and it leads to the readerââ¬â¢s inclination to favor Nanapush as the most reliable narrator. When compared to Pauline, Nanapush seems to be the more relatable narrator, and at surface value, it seems to be because of his wit and good intentions. By taking a closer look at his character, however, it seems that his likability stems from his intellectual, emotional, and temporal closeness to the other characters. Unlike Pauline, he is more prone to staying in touch with the other characters, and he is also more inclined to relay information pertaining to the government problem (intellectual closeness) and its consequences in a timely manner, as he is more likely to be remain in close proximity to the others (temporal closeness). He worries about the conditions in which his people are forced into, and it is his genuine desire to help those that he loves that indicates the extent of his emotional and intellectual closeness to the other characters. The following quote indicates the depth of his emotional closeness to Lulu and Fleur: ââ¬Å"I am a man, but for years I had known how it was to lose a child of my blood. Now I also knew the uncertainties of facing the world without land to call home. I recognized the signs in Fleurâ⬠(187). He goes out of his way to consult Moses Pillager for help in soothing Fleur and has also helped to gather funds to ââ¬Å"save the Pillager allotments and us allâ⬠(187). Nanapushââ¬â¢s active expressions of his care for the others mediates the divide that Pauline creates to split herself as a distinct entity. Therefore, it is because of Nanapush alone that the reader can become the most empathetic with and relate to the other charactersââ¬â¢ sufferings. Overall, Nanapush seems to be the most trustworthy and likable narrator because he is able to express an exponentially larger amount of closeness between himself and the other characters and, consequentially, himself and the reader. His assertions that Pauline cannot be trusted only fuel the readerââ¬â¢s motivation to believe him more. The following statement by Nanapush further suggests that Paulineââ¬â¢s separation by religion is a selfish, self-serving act and that she is not to be trusted: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦for the still look in Paulineââ¬â¢s eyes made me wonder, so like a scavenger, a bird that lands only for its purposeâ⬠(189). His purpose is greater than Paulineââ¬â¢s in that he is more focused on the well-being of the collective than he is about his personal religious journey. Despite Paulineââ¬â¢s assertions of Nanapush as an ââ¬Å"arranger of secretsâ⬠skilled at creating ââ¬Å"manufactured humiliationsâ⬠(196), Nanapush succeeds at convincing t he reader that his interconnectedness with the greater Ojibwa community allows him to relay the most appropriate, realistic, and factual narrative. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-64450959336002208532020-05-16T16:36:00.001-07:002020-05-16T16:36:21.122-07:00Beowulf And Hamlet Character Analysis - 1228 Words When lining the characters Beowulf and Hamlet side by side many will not see the parallels of these characters instead, only the differences. At a first glance, we see Beowulf, the strong warrior who died whilst defeating three gruesome monsters, then Hamlet, the awkward and fearful prince who died trying to fulfill a foolish act of hatred. Ultimately, we view them as hero and anti-hero. However, we must not judge each character on who they are at the surface. Instead, we must see and understand, for ourselves, who this character is by analyzing their motives and actions. Often our initial thoughts on individuals turn out to be wrong. Hamlet is not as evil as he is made out to be, and Beowulf is not as selfless as one may believe. Rather,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦O God, God!â⬠(Hamlet 1.2.129-132), but still came to understand that he must deal with life head on. As a response to dealing with life head on, he avenges his fatherââ¬â¢s death by murdering his uncle Claudius. Although his act of heroism is brought upon us in a darker, brooding setting it is nevertheless an act of heroism. He rids Denmark from the rule of a devious king. Both men embark on their journeys for different, yet selfish, reasons and their ultimate goal is nevertheless the same. They share the objective to make Denmark a place free of the cruel monsters who reign the land with devious plans. It is their like minded intentions that make them similar. As both Beowulf and Hamlet undertake their roles as heroes to Denmark one may fail to see how courageous both characters truly are. We begin with Beowulf, a young man leaving his homeland of the Geats to travel to the new foreign land of the Danes. He is risking his life to simply travel to a land known to be haunted by a monster, and not knowing the natives could prove to be problematic as well. Although the apparent risks of his journey, he still decides to push on and do as he first wishes, defeat the monster no one else could. T hen we have Hamlet, a man who has just lost his king and father. Hamlet takes fateShow MoreRelatedBeowulf And Hamlet Character Analysis1224 Words à |à 5 PagesWhen lining the characters Beowulf and Hamlet side by side many will not see the parallels of these characters instead, only the differences. At a first glance, we see Beowulf, the powerful warrior who died whilst defeating three gruesome monsters, then Hamlet, the problematic and fearful prince who died trying to fulfill a foolish act of hatred. Ultimately, we view them as hero Read MoreHeroism as the Main Theme of Beowulf Essay2557 Words à |à 11 PagesHeroism as the Main Theme of Beowulf The main theme of Beowulf is heroism. This involves far more than physical courage. It also means that the warrior must fulfil his obligations to the group of which he is a key member. There is a clear-cut network of social duties depicted in the poem. The king has an obligation to behave with generosity. He must reward his thanes with valuable gifts for their defense of the tribe and their success in battle. This is why King HrothgarRead MoreHeroism Main Theme in Beowulf3076 Words à |à 13 PagesThe main theme of Beowulf is heroism. This involves far more than physical courage. 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The purpose of the present essay will be to identify such archetypal characters and situations and their impact in the readerââ¬â¢s psyche.[4] It is possible Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-58330720897883785942020-05-06T18:08:00.001-07:002020-05-06T18:08:09.608-07:00My Experience As A Nursing - 1274 Words Problem/Issue As our patient population grows, so does the technology that we use to implore a more thorough approach to care; thus, much of the practices that we use and the education that is implemented is designed to prepare the nurse for these technological advances. Yet, there are other areas in education that is not getting as much attention as that of nursing informatics and the technical skills of nursing; and that is the caring aspect of nursing and caring for the patient. When providing care to a patient population, the nursing professional is not just a tool used to get them from one point to another; yet, they are a fundamental aspect for reshaping the ideology of the patient through education, shared positive experiences and true hands on care (Marks, 2013). Nursing education is to be holistic; which is the same concept that professional practice and care should encompass. In my experience as a nursing student growing from an AND to BSN and MSN there are certain aspects of care that h ave not had as much attention as others; with caring, knowing the difference between empathy and sympathy, and having a continuous reevaluation period in oneââ¬â¢s career not being addressed as thoroughly as needed. As nursing professionals we are equipped with the knowledge we need to make accurate judgment and to think critically; yet, some of the social skills that prevent us from getting ââ¬Å"burnt-outâ⬠and build trusting nurse-patient relationships are not emphasized. The idea ofShow MoreRelatedMy Nursing Experience749 Words à |à 3 PagesI have had many life experiences that have influenced my interest in becoming a nurse. My father is a family physician in the semi-rural area where I grew up. As I became old enough to participate, I had chances to assist my dad in minor procedures and clerical office management. I have also assisted my father outside of the office in helping to stitch up siblings and other family members after minor accidents occurred. I knew early on that one of my desires and strengths would be to challenge myselfRead MoreMy Nursing Experience1326 Words à |à 6 PagesMy Nursing Career Queen Mumuney American Sentinel University My Nursing Career American Nurse Association describes nursing as the protection, promotion and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human response and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities and population (www.ana.org). Nursing is not a field for everyone. A good nurse must have ninety-five percent if notRead MoreMy Personal Experience Of The Nursing Experience In Nursing1511 Words à |à 7 PagesHaving worked as a CNA under the supervision of a nurse for six years in a nursing home, I thought I was well prepared to become a great nurse. I did not know that other than learning sciences and medical procedures there was still more required of me to be a great nurse. At the commencement of the semester, I signed up for the HPR class as a prerequisite for the nursing program. However, I had no clue of what I was expected to learn on the subject. In the last few months, I have learned a lot inRead MoreMy Experience At A Nursing Home2652 Words à |à 11 Pagesduring the first week when I started working at a nursing home, as a receptionist, we received an inspection from The Agency For Health Care Administration (AHCA), but at that time, I did not know how important these people were nor did I understand the meaning of them being there. Up until that moment, no one had told me that I was not allowed to screen telephone calls when AHCA was inside the building. I specifically remember that the director of nursing called me from her office and, in a very aggressiveRead MoreMy Personal Experience : My Experience In Nursing School1068 Words à |à 5 Pagesreally can not understand how we made it through that time in our life. My hardest time would have been the period when I was in nursing school for me. So let us start from the beginning so you may have the view that I had, not so many years ago. à à à In 2013 I was attending Walter State in the pre-nursing program, upon applying for the nursing program there I was told that they did not believe it was a good idea I attended nursing school at this time due to having 4 children at home and living 1.5 hoursRead MoreMy Experience At The Nursing Home1742 Words à |à 7 PagesI opened my eyes after a long, energizing slumber. At first, I dreaded the upcoming school day, but I soon realized that it was Saturday. The scent of pancakes and bacon was wafting up the stairs, my familyââ¬â¢s normal Saturday routine. I climbed out of bed and got dressed in preparation for visiting my grandmother, another weekend tradition. I stumbled quickly down the stairs, shoveled pancakes and bacon into my mouth, and ran upstairs to apply my heavy coat of teenage make-up. I turned my head andRead MoreMy Clinical Experience As A Nursing Student1595 Words à |à 7 PagesNursing students face many challenges due to their narrow scope of prac tice, and lack of experience and knowledge. This changes with the development and learning of values and beliefs, which shape the decision making in the nursing process. During my clinical nursing practice experience as a new nursing student, I have had amazing learning opportunities as well as situations that made me feel uncomfortable, powerless, and dependent on the assigned nurse. In this paper I will talk about one of myRead More My Experiences in a Nursing Career Essay678 Words à |à 3 Pages Nursing à à à à à ââ¬Å"Nursing is an art: and if it is to be made an art, It requires an exclusive devotion as hard a preparation, as any painterà ´s or sculptorà ´s work; for what is the having to do with dead canvas or dead marble, compared with having to do with the living body, the temple of Godà ´s spirit? It is one of the Fine Arts: I had almost said, the finest of Fine Arts.â⬠Spoken by a true nurse, Florence Nightingale; a pioneer of nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods. à à à à à à à à à à IRead MoreMy Life and My Experiences have Led Me to My Career in Nursing547 Words à |à 3 Pagesreach. As we grow and go through life experiences, both good and bad, we as humans always seem to take some form of realization or some truth from each experience. The difference amongst all of us is whether or not we take these truths and make something of them. Becoming a nurse isnââ¬â¢t a career choice I was pushed into making. I have desired to be a nurse for as long as I could remember. My perception of nursing and my desire to become a nurse directly comes from my passion to help people. I want toRead MorePersonal Experience: Getting My Nursing Certificate768 Words à |à 3 Pagesdepending on the situation. My strengths are that I am fluent in English and Spanish. I am great at Math and I work well with everybody. My weakness is that I will get frustrated when I try something many times and I donââ¬â¢t achieve it. Also my other weakness is that I will tr ust people easily and then end up getting disappointed sometimes with certain people. I am comfortable with change but not changes that are not so drastic because Iââ¬â¢ve had many change in my life. My whole first grade I moved schools Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-60946553535145673592020-05-05T22:38:00.001-07:002020-05-05T22:38:11.797-07:00Over Voltage and Under Voltage Control Using Relay Essay Sample free essay sample IntroductionThe protection system is one O the of import facet on which major makers is concentrating. The companies like L A ; T. SIMENS etc. The protection system non merely provides lastingness to the equipment but besides avoid jeopardies. The protection system is one of the major Fieldss in the electrical technology. There are different types of protection systems out of that really common and of import 1 is the electromotive force protection system. Normally all the electrical equipments are specified with a specific electromotive force scope for its safe operation. When of all time those equipments are applied with a electromotive force more so the upper specified limit the system may pull extra current which may do to fire the equipment. The equipment is designed to defy a specific electromotive force when of all time the electromotive force goes beyond the bound value so automatically the insularities used in that equipment acquire punctured and do a harm to the equipment. Similarly whenever the equipment is applied with a electromotive force lower so the lower specified electromotive force it draws extra current to keep the efficiency. The out put may non be proper and the equipment may damage. The complete electromotive force and under electromotive force relay in combination protect the device from fluctuation of electromotive force. This type of relay provides the equipment complete protection against unsought electromotive force status. The complete electromotive force and under electromotive force relay is one of the of import protective relays which is used in the practical application at industries to protect motors transformers and other electronic and electrical equipment and power system. DESIGN PRINCIPLE:The complete electromotive force and under electromotive force relay is designed utilizing possible transformers ( PT ) . There is a PT used to try the line electromotive force and converts into DC value. The DC value obtained at the rectifier and filter out put is correspondent to the AC line electromotive force amplitude. The filter is designed with a clip invariable more so five clip period ( 5T ) . The sampling electromotive force obtained at the rectifier filter out put of the PT alterations after 5T merely. In this mode the sampling electromotive force is made immune to the effects of spiks. The sampled electromotive force is feed to two different comparators holding mention electromotive forces correspondent to the under electromotive force and over electromotive force scene. Whenever the sample electromotive force goes beyond the mention electromotive force set for over electromotive force status so comparator end product goes high and a mistake status is det ected. Similarly whenever the sample electromotive force goes bellow the mention electromotive force set for under electromotive force status in the other comparator the end product goes high and a mistake status is detected. The end products of both the comparators are feed to a logic gate to bespeak the mistake status when of all time any of the comparator issues a mistake determination. The out put of the logic gate is feed to the bistable / latch and so relay driver and doorbell driver to protect the equipment from the mistake status and bespeak the mistake happening by blowing the doorbell. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONa. Power supply Circuit connexion: ââ¬â In this we are utilizing Transformer ( 0-12 ) v. 1Amp. IC 7812. rectifying tubes In 4007. LED A ; resistances. Here 230V. 50 Hz ac signal is given as input to the primary of the transformer and the secondary of the transformer is given to the span rectification rectifying tube. The o/p of the rectifying tube is given as i/p to the IC regulator ( 7812 ) through capacitance ( 1000mf/35v ) . The o/p of the IC regulator is given to the LED through resistances. Circuit Explanations: ââ¬â When ac signal is given to the primary of the transformer. due to the magnetic consequence of the spiral magnetic flux is induced in the spiral ( primary ) and reassign to the secondary spiral of the transformer due to the transformer action. â⬠Transformer is an electromechanical inactive device which transformer electrical energy from one spiral to another without altering its frequencyâ⬠. Here the rectifying tubes are connected in a span manner. The secondary spiral of the transformer is given to the span circuit for rectification intents. During the +ve rhythm of the ac signal the rectifying tubes D2 A ; D4 behavior due to the forward prejudice of the rectifying tubes and rectifying tubes D1 A ; D3 does non carry on due to the reversed prejudice of the rectifying tubes. Similarly during the ââ¬âve rhythm of the ac signal the rectifying tubes D1 A ; D3 behavior due to the forward prejudice of the rectifying tubes and the rectifying tubes D2 A ; D4 does non carry on due to reversed prejudice of the rectifying tubes. The end product of the span rectifier is non a power District of Columbia along with crinkled Ac is besides present. To get the better of this consequence. a capacitance is connected to the o/p of the rectifying tubes ( D2 A ; D3 ) . Which removes the unwanted ac signal and therefore a pure District of Columbia is obtained. Here we need a fixed electromotive force. thatââ¬â¢s for we are utilizing IC regulators ( 7805 A ; 7812 ) . â⬠Voltage ordinance is a circuit that supplies a changeless e lectromotive force regardless of alterations in burden current. â⬠This ICââ¬â¢s are designed as fixed electromotive force regulators and with equal heat sinking can present end product current in surplus of 1A. The o/p of the span rectifier is given as input to the IC regulator through capacitance with regard to GND and therefore a fixed o/p is obtained. The o/p of the IC regulator ( 7805 A ; 7812 ) is given to the LED for indicant intent through resistance. Due to the forward prejudice of the LED. the LED freshnesss ON province. and the o/p are obtained from the pin no-3. B. Under voltage/over electromotive force sensor In this subdivision our purpose is to observe the line changing electromotive force. The line electromotive force ( 230vac ) coming from the brinies is to be step down that electromotive force with the aid of a measure down transformer. If the line electromotive force varies. the measure down electromotive force besides varies in conformity with the input electromotive force. Due to the common initiation of the transformer. if the primary twist of the transformer electromotive force is more the flux induced is more and the secondary electromotive force is more. Similarly. if the primary twist of the transformer electromotive force is less the flux induced is less and the secondary electromotive force is less. In this manner under/over electromotive force occurs. The above figure shows a half-wave rectifier. in which it will change over Ac to dc electromotive force. We can change the electromotive force with the variable burden opposition ( 10k ) The sample electromotive force can be calibrated by changing the burden opposition RL The of import portion of this design to try the electromotive force accurately as an reproduction of the line electromotive force. The measure down transformer samples the line electromotive force at a decreased signal electromotive force Vac = ( N2/N1 ) *VL The DC electromotive force after the half moving ridge rectifier is about Vm due to the charging of the capacitance. this capacitance electromotive force represents the line electromotive force. The clip invariable of the circuit is defined by C*RL. The clip invariable of the circuit must be more so five times of the clip period of the signal. RC gt ; 5T. If the RC value is less the 5T so the sample electromotive force fluctuates unnecessarily. if the RC value is excessively high the trying response becomes excessively slow. Operation: The end product of the signal sampling electromotive force ( 3v ) goes to the input of both of the comparator. In the first comparator we have set the electromotive force say 3. 5Vto the non-inverting terminus. In this instance non-inverting terminus is greater than the inverting terminus. That means end product of the first comparator is Low. At present under temperature can ( t be done because the room temperature will be ever available If we want ( s to make under temperature. we have to change or alter the set point which is connected to the inverting terminus of that comparator. Similarly. for the 2nd comparator we have set the electromotive force say 4V to the inverting terminus. In this instance inverting terminus is greater than the non-inverting terminus that means end product of the 2nd comparator is HIGH. If the temperature increases. the corresponding electromotive force will increase state 4. 5V. That electromotive force goes to the input of both of the comparator. In the first comparator we have set the electromotive force say 3. 5Vto the non-inverting terminus. In this instance inverting terminus is greater than the non- inverting terminus. That means end product of the first comparator is HIGH this means that over temperature has occurred. Similarly. for the 2nd comparator we have set the electromotive force say 4V to the inverting terminus. In this instance non- inverting terminus is greater than the inverting terminus that means end product of the 2nd comparator is LOW. c. NOR gateOR GateThe OR gate is besides called as ââ¬Å"any or allâ⬠gate. The OR gate is the combinable logic circuit which has merely one end product and may hold any figure of inputs. The end product is when any one or more than one of the input is 1 and the end product is 0 merely when all the input is 0. In the above figure. a rectifying tube OR gate is shown. It is clear from this circuit if at A +5v input is applied. it will send on colored transistor diode-1 and the end product electromotive force at C will be +5v i. e. . if input A is 1. the end product C will besides be 1 irrespective of input B. likewise. if input to B is 1. the end product at C will besides be 1. irrespective of input to A. the end product C will be 0 merely when both the rectifying tubes are nonconductive i. e. both input are 0 i. e. A=0 and B=0 NOT GATE Introduction: The application of the transistors is non limited entirely to the elaboration of the signals. Through proper design transistors can be used as switches for computing machines and control applications. The web of figure-01 ( a ) can be employed as an inverter in computing machine logic circuitry. Note that the end product electromotive force Vc is opposite to the applied to the base or input terminus. In add-on note the absence of dc supply connected to the base circuit. The lone District of Columbia beginning is connected to the aggregator or end product side. and for computing machine applications is typically equal to the magnitude of the ââ¬Å"highâ⬠side of the applied signal ââ¬â in this instance 5V. Operation: Proper design for the inversion procedure requires that the operating points switch from cut-off to impregnation along the burden line depicted in above figure ( B ) . For our proposes we will presume that IC = ICEO = 0mA. when IB = 0à µA ( an first-class estimate in visible radiation of bettering building techniques ) . as shown in above figure ( B ) . In add-on. we will presume that VCE = VCE sat = 0V. When Vi = 5v. the transistor will be ââ¬Å"ONâ⬠and design must see that the web is to a great extent saturated by a degree of IB greater than that associated if the IB curve looking near the impregnation degree. In the above figure ( B ) . this requires that IB gt ; 50à µA. The impregnation degree for the aggregator current for the circuit is defined by. IC = VCC ââ¬â VCE / RC= 5V ââ¬â 0. 2V / 10K= 480à µA The degree of IB in the active part merely before impregnation consequences can be approximated by the undermentioned equation. IB min ? IC sat / ?dc=480à µA / 300=1. 6à µAFor the impregnation degree we must therefore insure that the undermentioned status is satisfied: IB max gt ; IC sat / ?dcFor the web of the above figure ( B ) . when Vi = 5v the ensuing degree of IB is AssumeIB = 100à µA5v ââ¬â RB IB ââ¬â 0. 7v = 0RB ( soap ) = 4. 3 / 100à µA = 43k?RB ( min ) = 4. 3 / IB ( soap ) = 1k? Which is satisfied. Surely any degree of IB greater than 16à µA will go through through a Q- point on the burden line that is really near to the perpendicular axis. d. Bistable / LatchIntroductionThe latch is the electronics device which shops the province even if the input is with drawn. So this ca be started as a individual memory unit. The latch can be designed in many ways by utilizing a discreet constituent or reversal or a IC known as 555 timer. The Latch designed utilizing 555 timer IC is rather stable. Ckt Connection: The threshold electromotive force pin-6 of IC555 is connected to land and the trigger pin-2 a pull-up resistance 10k is connected to VCC usually. Whenever the threshold electromotive force is low. the end product of the comparation-1 hellishly. the end product of the flip-flop goes low. And the input of the comparator ââ¬â 2 internally high than 1/3 Vcc. the end product will stay in ââ¬ËLOWââ¬â¢ sate. Whenever a negative border trigger electromotive force will look at the trigger pin-2. internally the end product of the comparator ââ¬â 2 goes high. the reversal will stay in high province and it will latch that end product. Until we have to reset that IC through reset pin-4 to land. Operation The 555 timer IC contain two comparators at its input. one terminal of the comparator is connected to the 1/3 Vcc and 2/3 Vcc severally. The other two terminus of both the comparator are named as trigger and threshold. The end product of these two comparators are connected to a S-R somersault ââ¬âflop in which end product toggles when the inputs are dissimilar i. e. 1. 0 or 0. 1. The Bistable design gas two inputs. one as trigger input to alter the province and the other is to reset the end product. The input signal is connected to the trigger pin and the threshold is grounded. It means the end product of the comparator to which 2/3 Vcc is connected and threshold ( land ) is kept at fixed end product. When the trigger pin is issued with an input which is less than 1/3 Vcc so automatically the comparators end product toggles and therefore the somersault floating-point operation end product toggles and the end product of the 555 timer IC is set. The end product remains in the provi nce until unless the reset input is pulled down to land. e. Relay driver In this subdivision we have taken electro magnet relay to command the electrical contraptions we have taken a 12v relay whose opposition is 400? which requires 30mA current to drive or to do it ââ¬ËONââ¬â¢ / ââ¬ËOFFââ¬â¢ . The end product of the reversal is given as input to the relay driver ( as we know. the end product of the reversal is a TTL IC which gives a end product current 50à µA. Therefore. we need a driver ckt to drive the relay. The driver is configured as a transistor acts as a switch. Whenever the base electromotive force is high through a base opposition 1. 5 K and the aggregator is connected to the relay spiral. which as a opposition Rc 400? . the transistor comes to saturation status i. e. ââ¬ËONââ¬â¢ province because the emitter current will flux to the aggregator part. which makes the spiral as electro magnet. The relay driver is design by utilizing a BC547 transistor. The relay used here holding the specification as follows ? Coil opposition =400ohm? Coil voltage=12Vdc? Contact capacity=230V. 7AThe above specification indicates that the spiral requires 12V District of Columbia and 200mA current District of Columbia. The TTL canââ¬â¢t supply more so 20à µA current. So driver subdivision is really much required. BC547 has a typical current addition of 200 and maximal current capacity of 1A. So a typical base current of 10 ( A can trip to on the relay. ELECTRO MAGNETIC RELAY These are really much dependable devices and widely used on field. The operating frequence of these devices are minimal 10-20ms. That is 50Hz ââ¬â 100Hz. The relay which is used here can care 25mA currents continuously. The electromagnetic relay operates on the rule magnetic attraction. When the base electromotive force appears at the relay driver subdivision. the driver transistor will be driver transistor will be driven into impregnation and let to flux current in the spiral of the relay. Which in bend create a magnetic field and the magnetic force produced due to that will move against the spring tenseness and shut the contact spiral. Whenever the base electromotive force is withdrawn the transistor goes to cutoff. So no current flow in the spiral of the relay. Hence the magnetic field disappears so the contact point interruptions automatically due to spring tenseness. Those contact points are isolated from the low electromotive force supply. so a high electromotive force shif t is possible by the aid of electromagnetic relays. The electromagnetic relays usually holding 2 contact points. Named as usually closes ( NC ) . usually unfastened ( NO ) . Normally closed points will so a short CKT way when the relay is away. Normally unfastened points will so a short CKT way when the relay is energized. f. Buzzer driver The doorbell driver consists of a doorbell A ; its driving ckt. It works on the rule of transistor action ( Transistor acts as a switch ) . When the base electromotive force is high. the transistor comes to saturation i. e. in ON status. which drives the doorbell because a little emitter current will flux. Similarly. when the base electromotive force is low. the transistor does non come to saturation i. e. OFF status. which does non drives the doorbell. Future ExpansionThis undertaking is designed with restriction to clip and cost. The complete electromotive force and under electromotive force relay that is designed here can be modified to interface multiple parametric quantities such as temperature and current etc. The interface of micro accountant can do the system more various and smarter. Decision The complete electromotive force and under electromotive force relay that is designed here in the research lab and tested in the research lab status. And found to be runing satisfactory the set points are set at the restricting value and the practical tripping of the relay is within the bounds of experimental mistakes. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-36802813342583934422020-04-17T20:53:00.001-07:002020-04-17T20:53:02.899-07:00Should We Restrict Immigration in the U.S. Essay ExampleShould We Restrict Immigration in the U.S.? Essay Should we restrict immigration in the U. S.? , the answer to that is quite simple, no. the real question is; is it necessary to restrict immigration in the U. S.? That answer is also quite simple, no. immigration has been a big topic since the early 1900ââ¬â¢s once the immigrants really started coming over to the U. S. Ever since then people have been trying to restrict the flow of immigrants coming into this country. Evidence from the article states and shows that ââ¬Å"we were and still are a nation of immigrantsâ⬠, so what makes the difference now? It was once and still is a land where people in search of a better life come to find one. Immigrants are a very powerful benefit to the economy and very little evidence shows that they are negative, in which shows us that immigrants are helping the nation become a better place while also helping build a stronger economy. Evidence from the article shows that in the 1980ââ¬â¢s alone, about 8. 7 million people poured into the U. S. , matching the great immigration decade of 1900-10. The United States traditional role was as a haven for the immigrants, why change now? Especially when the immigrantââ¬â¢s links to their old countries are boosting U. S. exports to such fast growing regions like Asia and Latin America. Immigrantââ¬â¢s effects on the U. S. are the positive that overcomes the negative. Many immigrant communities are cities whose strength was restored due to the fact that without the immigrants cities and neighborhoods would be suffering because of the shrinking tax base. Evidence shows people that even immigrants with less education are contributing to the economy as workers, consumers, and taxpayers. We will write a custom essay sample on Should We Restrict Immigration in the U.S.? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Should We Restrict Immigration in the U.S.? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Should We Restrict Immigration in the U.S.? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The immigrants have turned around many neighborhoods that were ready to fall into ruin. Even the ones that was ready to waste away, and decrease from a state of normality and prosperity. The immigrants also bring a global perspective and international contacts to insular American businesses. If the immigrants were on Americas land for hundreds of years then why would they choose now to restrict them from entering when they benefited to and from the country? Whatââ¬â¢s so different about them from back then until now? Considering the success of the past immigration. Why should the immigrants be discriminated by the nativists, when they are the oneââ¬â¢s whoââ¬â¢s helping when some of the same nativists discouraging them and depriving them from their confidence are the ones who werenââ¬â¢t even strong enough to work and help strengthen our economy. As a result immigration shouldnââ¬â¢t be restricted. Just the number of immigrants entering and leaving should be paid close attention to. Just think about it, is it wrong to say ââ¬Å"noâ⬠to people wanting a better life for themselves and their families Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-76496786271593568312020-03-14T02:05:00.001-07:002020-03-14T02:05:02.905-07:00Free Essays on Great Gatsby EssayThe Great Gatsby Style Analysis Essay When Nick Carraway comes to the east the only thing that he finds amusing is Jay Gatsby. Gatsby has only one goal that he wants to achieve in his life; that goal is to get Daisy, who is Nickââ¬â¢s cousin, to love him as she did before he left for marine duty. Gatsby describes his experiences with Daisy to Nick as one of his best and tells him that he would love to have that back in his life. This creates a mental image in Nickââ¬â¢s mind and coerces him to think about it extensively. It even goes as far as Nick dreaming about the beautiful relationship that Gatsby and Daisy once had. He initially establishes a very beautiful tone as he describes their kind and loving relationship. However, as he comes closer to the reality he faces much confusion and questions their one-sided relationship. He wants the reader to feel the compassion and a sense of confusion at the same time. The relationship between Daisy and Gatsby is doubtful and has much confusion. It is full of ââ¬Å"mysterious excitement.â⬠While they do seem to have some compassion towards each other, Daisy seems to be more concerned with Gatsbyââ¬â¢s past social status. Gatsby on the other hand, has true love for Daisy and it is his life long dream to cherish her forever. There is ââ¬Å"darknessâ⬠in their relationship as Daisy does not have any sense of dignity or shame. She is a very confused person herself as her husband is cheating on her and is continually abusing her, but she still sides with him and has no problem being tormented by him for the rest of her life. Gatsby himself has been ââ¬Å"confused and disorderedâ⬠since Daisy left him. He continuously thinks about the past and tries to make it return but is unsuccessful. He has dedicated his whole life to Daisyââ¬â¢s impure love. The relationship has not only destroyed Gatsbyââ¬â¢s life, but also has caused ma jor disruptions in Daisyââ¬â¢s personal life. The experience and love that Daisy and Ga... Free Essays on Great Gatsby Essay Free Essays on Great Gatsby Essay The Great Gatsby Style Analysis Essay When Nick Carraway comes to the east the only thing that he finds amusing is Jay Gatsby. Gatsby has only one goal that he wants to achieve in his life; that goal is to get Daisy, who is Nickââ¬â¢s cousin, to love him as she did before he left for marine duty. Gatsby describes his experiences with Daisy to Nick as one of his best and tells him that he would love to have that back in his life. This creates a mental image in Nickââ¬â¢s mind and coerces him to think about it extensively. It even goes as far as Nick dreaming about the beautiful relationship that Gatsby and Daisy once had. He initially establishes a very beautiful tone as he describes their kind and loving relationship. However, as he comes closer to the reality he faces much confusion and questions their one-sided relationship. He wants the reader to feel the compassion and a sense of confusion at the same time. The relationship between Daisy and Gatsby is doubtful and has much confusion. It is full of ââ¬Å"mysterious excitement.â⬠While they do seem to have some compassion towards each other, Daisy seems to be more concerned with Gatsbyââ¬â¢s past social status. Gatsby on the other hand, has true love for Daisy and it is his life long dream to cherish her forever. There is ââ¬Å"darknessâ⬠in their relationship as Daisy does not have any sense of dignity or shame. She is a very confused person herself as her husband is cheating on her and is continually abusing her, but she still sides with him and has no problem being tormented by him for the rest of her life. Gatsby himself has been ââ¬Å"confused and disorderedâ⬠since Daisy left him. He continuously thinks about the past and tries to make it return but is unsuccessful. He has dedicated his whole life to Daisyââ¬â¢s impure love. The relationship has not only destroyed Gatsbyââ¬â¢s life, but also has caused ma jor disruptions in Daisyââ¬â¢s personal life. The experience and love that Daisy and Ga... Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-22573939075254865582020-02-26T16:29:00.001-08:002020-02-26T16:29:03.138-08:00Drescriptive Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsDrescriptive - Essay Example After what seemed like a decade, the fateful morning arrived. I was awake before the sun rustling through my suitcase making certain mom packed the basics, my multi-colored swimsuit. As the sunlight softly pierced through my window the rustling became increasingly louder. I knew my brother had the same scheme in mind as I heard plates loudly clanging together in the kitchen. He was unloading the dishwasher, without being told to. It was a combination of nervous tension needing be released and a not so subtle way of waking the parents from their much deserved sleep. After several hours, actually a few minutes, they made their way out of their bedroom and towards the aroma coming from the coffee maker which had been set to brew as scheduled the night before. The car was already packed, my thumb bruised and throbbing from being in too big a hurry. Following a quick breakfast the journey began. The miles seemed especially long but a nap on the way helped somewhat. Finally we arrived. As dad slowed to park he loudly advised us to wait until he fully stopped. As we opened the door the experience was not what I had been expecting. It was almost overwhelming. The wind was so strong I need both hands to manage the door. As my feet touched the warm, and getting increasing warmer sand, the wind blew a constant stream of the hot sand in my face. The sun baked my face and the ocean waves were loud, alarmingly so. I wondered if we came on an unusually blustery day or if this was normal. Dad was shouting directions while standing just a few feet away but I did not hear a word. Had he not gestured toward a covered bench I would have had no clue what he meant. Hauling the umbrella, towels, cooler, ect., from the car to that bench was an ordeal while dancing across the sand against the wind. When we got settled I reached down to feel the light brown sand. Again, it was nothing like I expected. Instead of a Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-39205283582430548152020-02-10T09:16:00.001-08:002020-02-10T09:16:03.440-08:00The effect of electricity supply on Nigeria economy in Oyo state DissertationThe effect of electricity supply on Nigeria economy in Oyo state - Dissertation Example This study has been made to find the answer to the following questions: How has monopolization in the power sector by the government affected the availability of electricity in the country? Has liberalization led to greater access to electricity at the commercial levels in the state? The Nigerian economy is a developing economy and a major portion of its gross domestic product is a contribution from the small enterprises operating indigenously. For big commercial purposes as well as for small-scale businesses in the modern day scenario electricity is indispensable. There is a unidirectional relationship between electricity consumption of a country and gross domestic product of that country. Nigeria has been plagued with perennial problems of energy crises for almost two decades now; problems are an erratic supply of electrical power is prominent among them. According to the reports published by the government of Nigeria, only 45 percent of the population in the country can consume el ectricity in their daily needs. Among them, a meager 25 percent are rural dwellers. There are vast potential for development in the country for growth in terms of setting up provisions of electricity. The rural states in the country, such as Oyo are yet to have enough access to electricity. This necessitates a study on electricity supply in the states in Nigeria. This study takes Oyo as a representative of the rural areas in the economy to conduct a research on this statement regarding the level of consumption of electricity by the countryââ¬â¢s small businesses.... This study has been made to find answer to the following questions: How has monopolization in the power sector by the government affected availability of electricity in the country? Has liberalization led to greater access to electricity at the commercial levels in the state? Therefore the main research question can be stated as ââ¬Å"How has the supply of electricity in Oyo State in Nigeria affected the small businesses in the state?â⬠The study would be conducted following a guideline of certain specific objectives. These objectives would help the researcher concentrate on the aim of conducting the research thereby helping her to complete the research successfully. The research objectives are as mentioned below: To study the level of electricity supply in the rural areas in Nigeria To understand the extent to which commercial and industrial activities in these areas are dependent on electric power To study how modern policy changes have affected power supply in the rural area s in the country Project approach This section of this project is dedicated to present a summarized project plan. The aim of this project is to study a serious issue that has far reaching effects in the social, political and economic spheres in the country. However, this research work is constrained by several factors, such as time and resources, and therefore devising an appropriate project plan is very much necessary (Blackwell, n.d.). This plan sets the context of the research, the design of research and the methodology to be followed (Bangor University, 2013). The project plan is made taking into consideration the theme of the project and the competence of the researcher who is going to execute the relevant activities that the study would Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-63820805761480455482020-01-30T18:57:00.001-08:002020-01-30T18:57:02.677-08:00Employing Heuristics Essay Example for Free Employing Heuristics Essay A heuristic is an informal and usually a quick solution to a problem. These quick solutions or strategies are based on oneââ¬â¢s experiences in dealing with problems and in things that are related to that problem. In can be represented by the idiomatic expression ââ¬Å"rules of thumbââ¬â¢ or in simpler terms, common sense, educated guesses, or judgments based on intuition (Kahneman, 1982, p. 39). That having been defined, we can say that the bossââ¬â¢s reaction was as it was due to his limited knowledge of the inner workings of a Volvo car. The only thing he knows about Volvos is based on the experience his brother-in-law had with a certain car of the same brand. That experience being negative, it is inevitable for the boss to react negatively as well. One possible way to sway the bossââ¬â¢s perception of the vehicle is to make him see and experience the vehicle for himself and prove that his perception of the car is wrong. Give him a first hand experience of the car since what he knows about the car is based only on second hand knowledge. Let him inspect the car for himself. Give him a ride in it. Let him drive it. However, his idea of the car may already be corrupted and he may already have formed biases regarding it. This will greatly affect his judgment of it. A way to avoid this may be to conceal the brand of the car to him at first. This will prevent his biases from clouding his judgment. Once he has made his unbiased decision regarding the vehicle, thatââ¬â¢s when the brand of the car may be revealed to him. If the likes the performance of the car, he will be surprised to find out that it was a Volvo. If not, heââ¬â¢d probably have this I-told-you-so attitude. Now that youââ¬â¢ve got your bossââ¬â¢s attention, maybe its time you told him about more details regarding the Volvo; about its features and about what sets it apart from a the others. The Volvo Group, a Swedish Company, supplies not only cars but trucks, busses, construction equipments and various transport solutions as well. With this variation, we can say that the company knows what they are doing with regard to vehicles. Theyââ¬â¢ve been around since April 14, 1927, founded at Gothenburg City. In 1999, the car division of the company was sold to Ford which is an even more reputable car manufacturer. An example of a luxury car under the company brand is the S80 luxury sedan car which presented a new idea of what luxury cars should be. It has superb luxury features which make its looks stand out among other cars. Its engine is created with an advanced technology and can be expected to perform the way modern cars should. And of course, the feature that the brand has been known for, comfort and safety, is something that Volvos can truly be proud of. Safety always comes first anyway. Some more features that the car can boast is its consoles like digital climate controls and the Dolby Pro-Logic II/Dynaudio surround sound system which increases the level of its being a luxury car. t also has stylishly shaped headlamps, soft exterior body curves, and warm color tones which are all made from high quality materials. Its most unique feature, with its state of the art security systems, is the adaptice cruise control with collision warning and brake support. This feature warns the driver of impending collisions and can prevent severe accidents from happening. This is just one car from the brand. We can be sure to expect no less from the other models they manufacture. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-60801990424895176412020-01-22T15:20:00.001-08:002020-01-22T15:20:03.091-08:00Holocaust :: essays research papers This is a story of how a young boy and his family lived through the holocaust. It begins in a town called Transylvania. The young boy was Elizer Weisel, one of four children and the only son. Elie was very spiritual, in which he wanted to find a master in Sighet to instruct him in the Zohar (the cabbalistic books, the secrets of Jewish mysticism). Moshe the Beadle was a poor man of the town that lived humbly. He was the one that would begin teaching Elie the Zohar. à à à à à But one day, Moshe the Beadle, was expelled from Signet by the Hungarian police. He and others were crammed into box cars on a train. Several months had passed when Moshe the Beadle was spotted sitting in a bench in town. He began to tell his story of the terror he encountered. They were taken to a Polish territory where the Gestapo was in charge. They climbed into trucks and were driven into a forest where they dug their own graves. Then the Gestapo began firing at the Jews and throwing babies in the air as flying targets. Moshe was shot in the leg and pretended to be dead. Moshe began to make the journey home telling the horror that he experienced. No one could believe such an unimaginable story. The people just simply thought that he had gone mad. He begged people to believe his story but no one would. à à à à à Elieââ¬â¢s family listened to the London radio every evening. It was at the end of 1942 life had returned to normal. Bu the spring of 1944 all the Jews of Sighet were convinced that Germanyââ¬â¢s defeat was near and they were all safe from harm. They even doubted Hitler wanted to exterminate them. But one day, they heard that German troops had entered Hungarian territory which brought on some anxiety. Then they moved on to Budapest where the Jews there were living in fear and terror. The Jews of Signet convinced themselves that the Germans would not move any further. But three days later German army cars had appeared in the streets. The officers were put up in private homes even some Jewish homes. Their first impressions of the Germans were mostly reassuring. They were calm, likeable, polite and sympathetic. The synagogues were closed. à à à à à The week of Passover they gathered at private houses to celebrate, but their hearts were not into it because of what was happening to their town. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-19481201545567920532020-01-14T11:43:00.001-08:002020-01-14T11:43:02.817-08:00Hegemony and Modern CultureHegemony and modern culture (TV documentary script) [Shots of banks, shops, people walking down shopping streets Grafton Street, the Mall in Tralee, Oliver Plunket Street in Cork as voice over speaks] ââ¬Å"Not since the time of Antonio Gramsci has the notion of hegemony been so relevant in Ireland today. But what is hegemony? [Image of Gramsci] Hegemony is the phrase adopted by Antonio Gramsci from Marx to explain how social structures evolve. [Scenes of Regina Cali prison] Antonio Gramsci was born in Italy in 1891. After university, in deference to the fascist Mussolini ruling government he became involved in left wing activity.As a result of this he was arrested in 1928. While in the Regina Cali prison he studied the whole idea of hegemony. He wanted to find out why the weaker forces do not fight back, why do they bow down to their oppressors. He adapted the meaning of hegemony. He realized that it is not just concerned with how the ruling classes operate (as Marx had proposed). Gramsci felt that ââ¬Å"what was missing was an understanding of the subtle but pervasive forms of ideological control and manipulation that seemed to perpetrate all repressive structuresâ⬠1.He also found that the weaker group had their part in it by accepting the ruling classââ¬â¢s authority. This is the kernel that we are concerned with. This is the theory that we are going to apply to modern culture in Ireland today. Not just why modern culture is imposed but what are the subtle manipulations of this culture and also what is our part in acquiescing to them. [Cut to images of Irish legends Cuchulainn, Fionn mac Cumhaill, Deirdre of the sorrows] We used to have a culture rich in language, dance, storytelling, education, generosity and a love of the simpler things in life.It had evolved from years of myths and legends passed down from generation to generation. We lived by a code of traditions and values. Later we became colonised by England we were robbed of our language an d as a result the stories that made up our culture. Nevertheless we fought back until we gained our independence but already serious changes had occurred in our culture- the culture of money had crept in . Yeats commented on it in September 1913 What need you, being come to sense, But fumble in a greasy till And add the halfpence to the pence And prayer to shivering prayer, untilYou have dried the marrow from the bone; For men were born to pray and save; Romantic Ireland's dead and gone, It's with O'Leary in the grave. 3 [Images of cash tills and money] Consumerism has been growing steadily ever since, but its more than consumerism itââ¬â¢s a greed, an insatiable desire, an endless hunger for the next shiny object. The care for our fellow human beings has been replaced by this self propulsion . Recently we have been woken from a glut of consumerism, obsessed by the price of property and handbags and plunged into an abyss of recession. Now is the time to question what happened?Wha t is our culture? Who are the forces that change it and what is our part in adopting this culture as our own? Firstly what is our culture? Culture is anything that engages us socially. It is the media, television, newspapers, magazines, books, internet, art, music and dance. It is all of these and it is more. It is the way we think, the way we live and the things we believe in. Today in Ireland what is most prevalent is the culture of consumerism. Buoyed by the economic boom that was known as the Celtic tiger consumerism grew and grew. Borrowing increased as sales increased on luxury cars.Items such as handbags became known as must haves, the prices of houses escalated at an astonishing rate. Consumer spending increased by 36% in the period 1999 to 20042. As a nation we became gripped with a greed for goods. Where did this come from? Everyday we are bombarded with images of products and goods. The average person sees over a hundred ads a day. The media is littered with advertising. Most fashion magazines and television stations are run by the revenue generated by advertising. So we can observe how Gramsciââ¬â¢s theory is working, we are being governed by the media to buy these products.But what about the other side, why do we comply so easily. Is it because as a colonised state we are easily duped and behave like sheep. There is clearly proof for this . Because consumerism is our new God, we work all hours to acquire more money. Modern life is riddled with apathy. People donââ¬â¢t revolt any more and this is an essential part of Gramsciââ¬â¢s model. In order for a social structure to grow it needs to revolt. We did in the 1920ââ¬â¢s when we gained our political freedom so why not again? Because people today are too busy being distracted by the media.Throughout the media we are shown the perfect way to live, what we need to purchase it, to attain that lifestyle and most importantly what we should be thinking. Open the supplement to The Sunday Times newspaper, not only will it tell you what artists are cool and current it will also give you a meter to whatââ¬â¢s hot and not. There is usually a spread on a designer or artist with a photo shoot of their house. The following page has a guide as to where you can purchase items that are similar. We are filling our lives and our homes with products in the hope that they will give us an identity, a look a brand.But it goes further than this. Behind this cult of consumerism is a need for something stronger, the constant seeking that can never be found. In order for it to fill us it would have to be spiritual. We have made a false God of the media. Looking to it to sustain us, to give us direction and it canââ¬â¢t because itââ¬â¢s not based on spiritual principals. Our increasing lack of faith in Catholism had edged us more towards our readiness to believe in something else, something that makes us feel good, safe, and important. All the things the media claims to do.Social net working sites convince us we are important, that people are interested in what we say and want to see photos of us. The whole thing is ego based revolving around the church of me. As individuals become more obsessed with themselves, encouraged by the media (ââ¬Ëbecause weââ¬â¢re worth itââ¬â¢) to buy more products, watch more programmes that reiterate the ideology of Me and read more papers that tell you what to buy, community spirit is wasting away to nothing. In order for us to get any way out of this mess we need to look to Gramsci once again. We need to revolt.We need to stop consuming for the wrong reasons. We need to think about our purchasing. We need to become consciously aware of what we are doing. We need to start asking questions? Where is my money going? Is it helping communities or causing farmers to lose their farms? Why do they sell Riverock a Coca-cola product instead of Kerry Spring in the college canteen? Because thatââ¬â¢s the reality; every time you p urchase something you set a chain of events into motion . Now weââ¬â¢re aware of our power there is no going back. We need to start a revolution.Some trailblazers have already started with Fair-Trade leading the way with putting a conscience into consumerism. In the field of fashion people like Kellie Dalton are paving the way forward for fashion with a conscience. Her work and the work of others at Redress. ie are helping make fashion more ethical. Hopefully with this growth in conscience a sense of community can once return to our shores and this will replace the endless seeking of self in the wrong places. [cue Titles Accompanied with Rage against the Machine ââ¬Å"Take the Power Backâ⬠]Sources 1 http://www. nternationalgramscisociety. org 2 HYPERLINK ââ¬Å"http://www. davy. ie/content/pubarticles/wmc20070730. pdfâ⬠http://www. davy. ie/content/pubarticles/wmc20070730. pdf 3 ââ¬Å"September 1913â⬠WB Yeats HYPERLINK ââ¬Å"http://www. re-dress. ie/â⬠htt p://www. re-dress. ie/ Irish Times Magazine, (Saturday Oct 31, 2009) The Sunday Times Style Supplement (Sunday Oct 25th, 2009) Cultural Theory, An Introduction, Philip Smith and Alexander Riley (Blackwell Publishing) pgs 35 ââ¬â 37 HYPERLINK ââ¬Å"http://www. victoryiscertain. com/gramsciâ⬠http://www. victoryiscertain. com/gramsci http://links. org. au/node/1260 Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-35750555269989017692020-01-06T08:06:00.001-08:002020-01-06T08:06:02.618-08:00Lanthanides - Properties of Element Groups The lanthanides or F Block elements are a set of elements of the periodic table. While there is some dispute over which elements to include in the group, the lanthanides generally include the following 15 elements: Lanthanum (La)Cerium (Ce)Praseodymium (Pr)Neodymium (Nd)Promethium (Pm)Samarium (Sm)Europium (Eu)Gadolinium (Gd)Terbium (Tb)Dysprosium (Dy)Holmium (Ho)Erbium (Er)Thulium (Tm)Ytterbium (Yb)Lutetium (Lu) Here is a look at their location and common properties: Key Takeaways: Lanthanide The lanthanides are a group of 15 chemical elements, with atomic numbers 57 through 71.All of these elements have one valence electron in the 5d shell.The elements share properties in common with the first element in the group -- lanthanum.The lanthanides are reactive, silver-colored metals.The most stable oxidation state for lanthanide atoms is 3, but the 2 and 4 oxidation states are also common.Although the lanthanides are sometimes called the rare earths, the elements are not particularly rare. However, they are difficult to separate from one another. The D Block Elements The lanthanides are located in block 5d of the periodic table. The first 5d transition element is either lanthanum or lutetium, depending on how you interpret the periodic trends of the elements. Sometimes only the lanthanides, and not the actinides, are classified as rare earths. The lanthanides are not as rare as was once thought; even the scarce rare earths (e.g., europium, lutetium) are more common than the platinum-group metals. Several of the lanthanides form during the fission of uranium and plutonium. Lanthanide Uses The lanthanides have many scientific and industrial uses. Their compounds are used as catalysts in the production of petroleum and synthetic products. Lanthanides are used in lamps, lasers, magnets, phosphors, motion picture projectors, and X-ray intensifying screens. A pyrophoric mixed rare-earth alloy called Mischmetall (50% Ce, 25% La, 25% other light lanthanides) or misch metal is combined with iron to make flints for cigarette lighters. The addition of 1% Mischmetall or lanthanide silicides improves the strength and workability of low alloy steels. Common Properties of the Lanthanides Lanthanides share the following common properties: Silvery-white metals that tarnish when exposed to air, forming their oxides.Relatively soft metals. Hardness increases somewhat with higher atomic number.Moving from left to right across the period (increasing atomic number), the radius of each lanthanide 3 ion steadily decreases. This is referred to as lanthanide contraction.High melting points and boiling points.Very reactive.React with water to liberate hydrogen (H2), slowly in cold/quickly upon heating. Lanthanides commonly bind to water.React with H (dilute acid) to release H2 (rapidly at room temperature).React in an exothermic reaction with H2.Burn easily in air.They are strong reducing agents.Their compounds are generally ionic.At elevated temperatures, many rare earths ignite and burn vigorously.Most rare earth compounds are strongly paramagnetic.Many rare earth compounds fluoresce strongly under ultraviolet light.Lanthanide ions tend to be pale colors, resulting from weak, narrow, forbidden f x f optical transitions.The mag netic moments of the lanthanide and iron ions oppose each other.The lanthanides react readily with most nonmetals and form binaries on heating with most nonmetals.The coordination numbers of lanthanides are high (greater than 6; usually 8 or 9 or as high as 12). Lanthanide Versus Lanthanoid Because the -ide suffix is used to indicate negative ions in chemistry, the IUPAC recommends members of this element group be called lanthanoids. The -oid suffix is in keeping with names of another element group -- the metalloids. There is a precedent for a name change, since an even earlier name for the elements was lanthanon. However, nearly all scientists and peer-reviewed articles still refer to the element group as the lanthanides. Sources David A. Atwood, ed. (19 February 2013). The Rare Earth Elements: Fundamentals and Applications (eBook). John Wiley Sons. ISBN 9781118632635.Gray, Theodore (2009). The Elements: A Visual Exploration of Every Known Atom in the Universe. New York: Black Dog Leventhal Publishers. p. 240. ISBN 978-1-57912-814-2.Holden, Norman E.; Coplen, Tyler (2004). The Periodic Table of the Elements. Chemistry International. IUPAC. 26 (1): 8. doi:10.1515/ci.2004.26.1.8Krishnamurthy, Nagaiyar and Gupta, Chiranjib Kumar (2004). Extractive Metallurgy of Rare Earths. CRC Press. ISBN 0-415-33340-7McGill, Ian (2005) Rare Earth Elements in Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a22_607 Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-3940381058943901362019-12-29T04:30:00.001-08:002019-12-29T04:30:05.122-08:00When States Seceded During the American Civil War The American Civil War was made inevitable when, in response to growing Northern resistance to the practice of slavery, several Southern states began to secede from the union. That process was the end game of a political battle that had been undertaken between the North and South shortly after the American Revolution. The election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 was the final straw for many southerners. They felt that his goal was to ignore states rights and remove their ability to own slaves. Before it was all over, eleven states seceded from the Union. Four of these (Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee) did not secede until after the Battle of Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861. Four additional states were Border Slave States that did not secede from the Union: Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware. In addition, the area that would become West Virginia was formed on Oct. 24, 1861, when the western portion of Virginia chose to break away from the rest of the state instead of seceding. Order of Secession During the American Civil War The following chart shows the order in which the states seceded from the Union.à State Date of Secession South Carolina December 20, 1860 Mississippi January 9, 1861 Florida January 10, 1861 Alabama January 11, 1861 Georgia January 19, 1861 Louisiana January 26, 1861 Texas February 1, 1861 Virginia April 17, 1861 Arkansas May 6, 1861 North Carolina May 20, 1861 Tennessee June 8, 1861 The Civil War had many causes, and Lincolns election on Nov. 6, 1860, made many in the South feel that their cause was never going to be heard. By the early 19th century, the economy in the South had become dependent on one crop, cotton, and the only way that cotton farming was economically viable was through the use of very inexpensive slave labor. In sharp contrast, the Northern economy was focused on industry rather than agriculture. The Northerners disparaged the practice of slavery but purchased slave-supported cotton from the South, and with it produced finished goods for sale. The South viewed this as hypocritical, and the growing economic disparity between the two sections of the country became untenable for the South. Espousing States Rightsà As America expanded, one of the key questions that arose as each territory moved towards statehood would be whether slavery was allowed in the new state. Southerners felt that if they did not get enough slave states, then their interests would be significantly hurt in Congress. This led to issues such as Bleeding Kansas where the decision of whether to be free or slave was left up to the citizens through the concept of popular sovereignty. Fighting ensued with individuals from other states streaming in to try and sway the vote.à In addition, many southerners espoused the idea of states rights. They felt that the federal government should not be able to impose its will on the states. In the early 19th century, John C. Calhoun espoused the idea of nullification, an idea strongly supported in the south. Nullification would have allowed states to decide for themselves if federal actions were unconstitutionalââ¬âcould be nullifiedââ¬âaccording to their own constitutions. However, the Supreme Court decided against the South and said that nullification was not legal and that the national union was perpetual and would have supreme authority over the individual states. The Call of Abolitionists and the Election of Abraham Lincoln With the appearance of the novelà Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stoweà and the publication of key abolitionistà newspapers like The Liberator, the call for the abolition of slavery grew stronger in the north. And, with the election of Abraham Lincoln, the South felt that someone who was only interested in Northern interests and anti-slavery would soon be president. South Carolina delivered itsà Declaration of the Causes of Secession, and the other states soon followed. The die was set and with the Battle of Fort Sumter on April 12ââ¬â14,1861, open warfare began.à Sources Abrahamson, James L. The Men of Secession and Civil War, 1859-1861. The American Crisis Series: Books on the Civil War Era, #1. Wilmington, Delaware: Rowman Littlefield, 2000. Print.Egnal, Marc. The Economic Origins of the Civil War. OAH Magazine of History 25.2 (2011): 29ââ¬â33. Print.McClintock, Russell. Lincoln and the Decision for War: The Northern Response to Secession. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2008. Print. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-54006950572135908422019-12-21T00:18:00.001-08:002019-12-21T00:18:02.637-08:00Drug And Alcohol Treatment Of Alcoholics Anonymous And... Twelve step programs are commonly used in drug and alcohol treatment. Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous both utilize the twelve steps, along with many other treatment centers. The twelve steps are used as a tool to stay sober and overcome addictions to substance abuse. The first step involves admitting one is powerless over the drug. It also involves admitting that due to the drug, one is no longer in control of his or her life. The second step is coming to the belief that there is a greater power that can restore one to sanity. The greater power can be anything from God to a higher power such as nature. The third step is making the decision to turn oneââ¬â¢s will and life over to the higher power. This is when an individual fully commits oneself to the belief in something greater than him or her self. The fourth step is a moral inventory of oneself. Many individuals make a list of all the wrongs he or she has done while in the fourth step. (Alcoholics Anonymous Publish ing, 1981) The fifth step involves admitting to a higher power, oneself, and other people the exact nature of the offenses one has committed. The sixth step is preparing oneself to have a higher power remove the character defects. Asking the higher power to remove the deficiencies is step number seven. Step eight is making a list of the individuals harmed in oneââ¬â¢s addiction and preparing oneself to make amends with those people. Step nine is fulfilling step eight and making those amends with hurtShow MoreRelatedNA Reaction paper1370 Words à |à 6 Pagesï » ¿ Narcotics Anonymous (NA) meeting Reaction Paper Denisha Hightower Morgan State University Dr. Anthony Estreet 4/15/15 The Narcotics Anonymous meeting which I attended was named 7 Days of NA which was located on 1212 North Wolfe Street at an organization called Deeââ¬â¢s Place. Just as the Alcoholic Anonymous meeting previously attended, the location appeared to be in a covert and quiet place to hold a support group. We entered through the rear entrance, which seemed to be staged thatRead MoreNarcotics Anonymous1453 Words à |à 6 Pagesinform my audience about Narcotics Anonymous. Central Idea: Narcotics Anonymous is a worldwide self-help organization that has been around for many years and continues to impact our society. Introduction Attention Getter: Imagine 60,000 people in one city, all dealing with the same problem, addiction. According to an article written by Carter M. Yang for ABC news on March 14th of this year, there are 60, 000 people in Baltimore alone that are addicted to illicit drugs. These numbers are dishearteningRead MoreDrug Abuse And Its Effects On The United States Essay879 Words à |à 4 PagesDrug abuse is worldwide problem and one that has plagued the United States for decades. Drug abuse negatively impacts not only the individual user, but also our society as a whole. The fight to prevent the manufacturing and trafficking of illegal drugs into the country has made very little impact on its accessibility to those that wish to partake. According to the National Drug Control Budget Report for 2015, the President of the United States request $25.4 Billion in Fiscal Year 2015 in orderRead MoreDrug Abuse Is A Worldwide Problem Essay976 Words à |à 4 PagesDrug abuse is a worldwide problem and one that has plagued the United States for decades. Drug abuse negatively impacts not only the individual user, but also our society as a whole. The fight to prevent the manufacturing and trafficking of illegal drugs into the country has made very little impact on its accessibility to those that wish to partake. According to the National Drug Control Budget Report for 2015, the President of the United States request $25.4 Billion in Fiscal Year 2015 in orderRead MoreThe Importance of Twelve Step Programs1935 Words à |à 8 PagesAlthough the Twelve Step program began with Alcoholics Anonymous, the system has expanded to include and embrace all other addictions from overeating to gambling. Narcotics Anonymous is the Twelve Step group for persons who have an addiction to drugs. It started in the 1940s as a response to the growing number of chemically addicted persons who did not have a comorbid addiction to alcohol (Narcotics Anonymous, 2012). According to Peyrot (1985), Narco tics Anonymous is the oldest and largest self-help groupRead MoreAlcohol Is A Dangerous Drug1411 Words à |à 6 Pagessociety the constant abuse of drugs and alcohol has become a major issue. Dependence on substances such as alcohol is a common phenomenon in our world. Many individuals who constantly drink changing their ways are the hardest and biggest obstacles. Often these individuals are looking to feel the positive effects that alcohol provides for them. Such as gaining more confidence and forgetting about any problems they may have in their life, past present or future. Alcohol is a drug that slows down an individualââ¬â¢sRead MoreSober Living An Early Recovery Living Arrangement For Addicts1030 Words à |à 5 Pagespremises or a resident returning to the house intoxicated is likely to result in discharge. Sober Living is not a treatment program, but a strategy to allow more time for sobriety to take firm hold while the beginning steps toward recovery take place. A usual requirement is an active participation in a Twelve Step support program. Additional requirements may include substance abuse treatment, drug testing, attending school or finding work. However, there is an image problem. Society views Sober Living asRead MoreMorehead Inspiration Center Essay1119 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Morehead Inspiration Center is a residential recovery program, serving approximately 100 adult males, over the age of 18, that are seeking recovery from chronic alcohol or drug related addictions. The primary mission of the center is to strengthen the individual recovering from an addiction, support their families and to serve the community in which they reside. The Morehead Inspiration Center is one of ten across Kentucky that participates in the Recovery Kentucky Initiative, a not for profitRead MoreAa Recovery Meeting At Club Soda989 Words à |à 4 Pagesthemselves as alcoholics and the chairperson discussed the rules of the group. One of the rules stated was that those who had consumed alcohol in the last 24 hours were asked to only listen during the meeting. The chairperson officially opened the session by reading the Preamble. The Preamble is a brief overview of what Alcoholics Anonymous stands for in that it is a safe place for those in recovery to share, find strength and hope, and help with complete abstinence from alcohol. At that time theRead MoreThe Importance Of Successful Support Or Assistance From The Government943 Words à |à 4 Pagestheir local community, until the 1940s with the creation of groups and treatment centers focused on assisting addicts. As the progressive era of the United States came to an end, the abuse of drugs and alcohol began to reach all-time highs. Dr. Hamilton Wright declared that the Of all the nations of the world, the United States consumes most habit-forming drugs per capita.â⬠and with statistics like 470,000 pounds of drugs consumed annually, more than France and the UK combined, it was clear to Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-34190572398641011782019-12-12T20:47:00.001-08:002019-12-12T20:47:05.648-08:00The Ancient Olympics Essay Example For Students The Ancient Olympics Essay Since 1896, the year the Olympics were resurrected from ancienthistory, the Olympics have been a symbol of the camaraderie and harmonypossible on a global scale. The gathering of athletic representatives,the pride of the pack, from participating governments, even throughoutthe recent Cold War period, is proof that world unity is possible; justas it was in Ancient Greece with the polis or city-states. Olympic Games were held throughout Ancient Greece, but the most famousare the games that were held in Olympia in honor of Zeus every fouryears from August 6th to September 19th. The first record of thesegames is of one Coroebus of Elis, a cook, winning a sprint race in 776BC. Most historians believe the games to have been going on forapproximately 500 years before this. In the year Coroebus was made apart of history, there was apparently only one simple event, a racecalled the stade. The track was said to be one stade long or roughly210 yards. In subsequent games, additional events were to be added, most likely toincrease the challenge to these amazing athletes. In 724 BC, thediaulos, a two stade race, was added, followed by a long distance race,about 2 miles and called the dolichos, at the next games four yearslater. Wrestling and the famous Pentathlon were introduced in 708 BC. The Pentathlon consisted of five events; the long jump, javelin throw,discus throw, foot race, and wrestling. The Pentathlons, especially thesuccessful ones, were often treated and even worshipped like gods. Because of their exquisite physiques, they were used as the models forstatues of the Greek Gods. The superior athletic ability of theseathletes affects the games even today. The twisting and throwing methodof the discus throw, which originated in Ancient Greece, is still usedtoday. The original events were even more challenging than those oftoday. The modern discus weighs in at just 5 pounds, one-third of theoriginal weight, and the long jumps were done with the contestantcarrying a five pound weight in each hand. The pit to be traversed inthis jump allowed for a 50 foot jump, compared to just over 29 feet inour modern Olympics. Apparently, the carried weights, used correctly,could create momentum to carry the athlete further. Legend has it thatone Olympian cleared the entire pit by approximately 5 feet, breakingboth legs as he landed. One significant difference between the modern and ancient games; theoriginal Olympians competed in the nude. Because of this, the 45,000spectators consisted of men and unwed virgin women only. The onlyexception to this would be the priestess of Demeter who was also theonly spectator honored with a seat. The young unwed women were allowedto watch to introduce them to men in all their splendor and brutalitywhereas it was felt that married women should not see what they couldnot have. In addition, the virgins had their own event which occurredon the mens religious day of rest. Called the Haria, in honor of Harathe wife of Zeus, the young women would race dressed in a short tunicwhich exposed the right breast. Traditionally, Spartan women dominatedthis event, being trained from birth for just this purpose. The religious undertones of the events became extremely apparent onthe third day of the games when a herd of 100 cows were killed as asacrifice to Zeus. In actuality, only the most useless parts wereburned in honor of Zeus; most of the meat would be cooked and eatenthat day. The sacrifices were conducted on a huge cone-shaped alterbuilt up from the ashes of previously sacrificed animals. The mound wasso large, the Greeks would cut steps into the cone after discovering itcould be hardened by adding water and drying. .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 , .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 .postImageUrl , .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 , .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0:hover , .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0:visited , .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0:active { border:0!important; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0:active , .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0 .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u412af4e5c52bd192331e53887764a4e0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Education In Colonial History Essay Another ingenious invention was a system to prevent early starts in thefoot races. It consisted of a bar in front of the runners to ensurethey all start at the same time. This most likely was viewed as ablessing by the competitors, as previous to this, they would be beatenby the judges with rods for an early jump. This system led to theextravagant mechanisms used for starting the chariot races in 680 BC. Other introductions to the games were boxing in 688 BC, the pancratium,a no-holds barred form of wrestling, in 648 BC, and eventually someevents for boys between 632 and 616 BC. The Olympics of old were entirely a man on man competition. No recordswere kept to be broken but a few amazing legends of the games havesurvived the test of time. Aegeus, for instance, was said to havecompleted his competition and then to run home to Argos, over 60 milesaway, in one day. Milo, one of the most feared Olympians of AncientGreece, was said to have carried a full grown bull to the arena,butchered it, and ate the entire animal in one day. Not surprisingly,he was said to have one many a wrestling match by the forfeiture of hisopponent. He also walked away with six consecutive Olympic crowns. These legends, for all their blood, sweat, and tears, were awarded anolive branch from the tree behind the alter of Zeus when they won. Fortunately, the regions they represented were usually somewhat moregrateful for bringing honor home. It was not uncommon for the victorsto receive free food for life, money, or other valuable offers. Theywere often worshipped as gods and sometimes their sweat was preservedand sold as a magical potion. In the later years of the games, an additional event was added whichsignaled the end of the games and the return to the war ridden life ofancient history. Soldiers, adorned with a full body of armor weighingupwards of 50 pounds, would compete in a foot race. Unfortunately, eventhe apparent athletic ability of these soldiers could not prevent thefall of Greece to Rome in the middle of the second century BC. UnderRoman rule, the Olympics began to lose its fervor until it was abolishedin 393 AD by the Christian Roman emperor Theodosius I who most likelyobjected to the pagan rites associated with the Olympics. Some historians believe that even after the official abolishment of theOlympics, it may have survived for an additional 120 years. Itssubsequent revival in 1896 was brought about by the discovery of theancient stadium. Since that time, it has been held every four years, inaccordance with tradition, being interrupted only for the two worldwars.The competition of the nations in these events represents theage old competitive spirit of man. The need for people to take pride insomething larger than themselves and feel as if they are part of agreater good. The Olympics, today as well as 3,000 years ago, offers anon-combative environment to do so. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-55303629273244832372019-12-05T01:59:00.001-08:002019-12-05T01:59:03.368-08:00Notes On Family History Assignment Essay Example For Students Notes On Family History Assignment Essay Ayauna SumpterFamily History Assignment Customs, traditions, rules, and religion these are a few of the main things that make families so unique. Being that these 4 components is what makes up one big family there is way that these compartments intertwine, I am only 19 years old, and I m pretty sure my family history can go on forever, but I decided to expand my knowledge based on my immediate family members. This will only consist of my Grandmothers family history and how she created her family to follow all of the traditions and customs she was taught while growing up. For this assignment, I decided to conduct two short interviews with the family members I expected to know the most about our family history. My first interviewee would be my grandmother Luthelma W Johnson and my aunt Ve ga J Swepson. These two individuals are the oldest in my immediate family and they always showered my cousins and I with old stories about when they were growing up. Religion:Question ââ¬â Who decided we would live our lives as Christians? Luthlema Johnson (Grandmother): My mother Lucinda Williams started taking me to church every Sunday when I was a little girl. We went to Ebenezer Baptist Church in Wilmington, NC. I enjoyed this church so much that once I started my family with your grandfather we started taking your Aunt and Uncle there every Sunday for Sunday school and Morning Worship along with attending Wednesday night bible study. Question Did you enjoy attending church every Sunday? Ve ga Swepson (Aunt) ââ¬â As a child of course I would get tired of attending church EVERY SINGLE Wednesday and Sunday, but that has made me who I am today. Your uncle and I never had a choice to stay home from the church like you kids have now. Af. .ting over this project I honestly understand who I am as a person. I will admit I don t have the same beliefs as my family because I am getting older and beginning to learn things on my own. However, I am grateful to have a family to help build a strong foundation for me to become an independent young adult where I am able to figure out things on my own. With the family history assignment, I will say learned a lot about my families past and how it has led us to where we are today. I learned that my grandmother has a very big role in the changes that has been made to the family traditions. I also learned a little about how my great grandparents influenced the life I live now. I hope when I decide to start my own family I ll be able to pass down all of these traditions to my children and hopefully it ll help them become just as respectable and independent as I am. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-91264240808412770312019-11-28T09:39:00.001-08:002019-11-28T09:39:05.871-08:00Understanding The Nature Of Homlessness Essay Example For Students Understanding The Nature Of Homlessness Essay Understanding The Nature of HomlessnessI knew that I would encounter homelessness when I came to Berkeley. Iwas expecting it, because just about everybody I knew had something to say aboutthe rumors theyd heard filter over from the West Coast. Coming from New York,however, I figured Id seen it all, and would be in control over whatever Iwould be up against. Reality quickly hit me, though, as I began to familiarizemyself with Berkeley and its main streets. Id never seen anything quite likeTelegraph Avenue and Peoples Park. No matter how much poverty one has seenthroughout the course of their lives, its far more difficult to accept when itoccurs in areas of high concentration. We will write a custom essay on Understanding The Nature Of Homlessness specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Understanding the nature of homeless people asking for money and theirinteractions with people walking up and down a main street such as TelegraphAvenue is a difficult task. This observation process, which took place onTelegraph Avenue watching the homeless at work, was difficult because of thewealth of information one could find in simply watching as one person askedanother for money. We looked for a number of signals in the interactions,considering peoples ages, how they reacted physically, whether or not theycommunicated verbally, their demeanor throughout the interaction, and theimportance of eye-contact. We must also wrestle with the ambiguity of the powerstructure within the situation, because it is not nearly as clear as it seems. In the end, we will try to decipher the true nature of these confrontations,concluding by comparing the analysis of these situations to those found in theworks of Erving Goffman and Robin Leidner. INTERACTIONSThe difficulty in defining the parameters of dominance within theinteraction comes in understanding the disparity between the social status ofthe person being asked for money and the status of the individual begging forit; the real science lies in determining how little that difference actuallymatters. Socially, the respective status of each individual should be quiteclear. The person walking down the street is probably either employed or astudent. The stereotypical homeless person, on the other hand, may have alcoholor drug problems, may be suffering from schizophrenia, and is clearly notcapable of functioning within the confines of mainstream society. Clearly,according to unwritten rules of our community, the employed person has a muchhigher social standing. Despite these social differences, the actualinteraction is controlled by the panhandler. Their authority role begins withthe initiation of the interaction; by being the one to cause the confrontation,the second part y- the one being asked for change- is forced to react, if not torespond, in some way. The initiation process itself varies quite a bit frompanhandler to panhandler and has a tremendous impact in terms of reinforcing thenotion of authority. For example, there were panhandlers we observed who werenot capable of singling out an individual person and therefore had a great dealof difficulty initiating or holding on to any interactions; on the other hand,one man we watched was particularly effective simply because he went out of hisway to single people out in the passing crowds, he was loud enough to make eventhe most jaded person turn and was clearly in control of the interaction. Once control has been established and the interaction has commenced, itis necessary to gauge the response of the individual being asked for money andexactly what that response may mean. Of nineteen interactions we observed,only seven people made eye contact with the person asking for money. We foundthat it was often easier for someone to say no if they did not have to look theperson straight in the eyes. One common response was to look to the personwithout making eye-contact, and then respond while turning away from thepanhandler. Many people did choose to communicate verbally, often using thephrase, I dont have any money. In all likelihood, almost all of the sevenpeople who uttered that phrase had at least a some money, and the homelessprobably know that. Still, the phrase- whether an outright lie or the gospeltruth- manages to carry a great deal of weight. Another micro-interaction wesaw quite a bit of was the use of the body to communicate certain attitudeswithout the use of words . There were people who looked up as soon as theynoticed the homeless people and would actually face their entire bodies to themas they walked by, suggesting acceptance, and there were others who angled theirbodies so that their shoulders provided a clear barrier, shielding theindividual as they walked silently by. Although I had expected age to be afactor in the interactions- and it was in that panhandlers did not ask childrenfor money-peoples age, and even the nature of their dress did not seem to haveany clear impact on the interactions. In truth, finding many specific patternsin these interactions would require far more time spent in the field doingresearch. .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d , .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d .postImageUrl , .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d , .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d:hover , .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d:visited , .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d:active { border:0!important; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d:active , .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uee6ab90c2ce144e54fd51597b351209d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The florence baptistery EssayOne factor which I took notice of early on in the field research processwas the behavior of people wearing sunglasses and their responses to the samepanhandlers. The initial results, in which three out of three subjects wearingsunglasses actually struck up conversations and appeared particularly at ease-to the point of laughter in two instances- convinced me that it would be worthdoing more research during the daylight hours. The next time I was on Telegraphduring the day I sat down for a few minutes and watched only for people wearingsunglasses. Six people passed a homeless man directly outside of Fat SlicePizza wearing sunglasses during the n ext ten minutes. Of those six individuals,two ignored the requests for change and the other four acted friendly andnatural, looking directly at them and responding in a pleasant manner. In total,of the nine people I witnessed wearing sunglasses, seven of them chose torespond to the beggar, a much higher percentage than in the total group. Interestingly enough, however, not one of the sunglass wearers offered money. If we look back at the factors which characterize the nature of theseinteractions, eye-contact would be very high on the list. The fact thatsunglass wearers have an instant barrier between themselves and those asking formoney makes the argument all the more reasonable that eye-contact has thegreatest impact on the interaction. Its much easier to respond to someone ifyou dont have to look them in the eye; in fact, wearing sunglassesautomatically puts the propositioned individual into the dominant role in theinteraction. The reality is that the information set may not be an entirelyaccurate representation of the actual social group; its hard to believe thatover seventy-five percent of the entire Berkeley population would be inclined totalk with panhandlers simply by wearing sunglasses. What the information setdoes suggest is that, for some people, sunglasses lighten the tension in asomewhat difficult exchange. LEIDNERIf we were to look at the work of Robin Leidner in the book Fast Food,Fast Talk, we would actually find similarities in the nature of some aspects ofthe interactions between the Telegraph confrontations and the interactionsbetween customers and employees at McDonalds, suggesting that both interactionsare somewhat routinized. Anyone familiar with Telegraph Avenue knows that, upondeciding to walk down the street, there is a very high chance that they will beasked for money. In response to this, some of us do everything in our power toavoid Telegraph altogether. Those of us who dont avoid it find that a plannedapproach to these interactions is often the most effective method for dealingwith them. We may choose to give change, we may choose to smile and apologizefor not having any more money, and we may simply ignore the requests. Still,there is a good chance that what ever we choose to do, we begin to prepare assoon as we see a homeless person. When we walk into McDonalds, Leidne rexplains, we must, in order for the purchase to run smoothly, already have ageneral idea of what we want and how to order it. In both situations, theinteraction has been routinized, in that a certain routine, or set of actions,has been developed in order to deal with a situation. Even the expectations ofthe employee and the panhandler fit directly into the routine. If you wereto ask a McDonalds employee for a large bowl of pasta and a glass of wine,they would not immediately be able to respond; its likely that the samereaction would occur if you went up to a panhandler and asked them for money,challenging them to behave as you are expected to. While the nature of each ofthese two routines may be quite different, there is no denying that there aremany similarities inherent in both. .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 , .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 .postImageUrl , .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 , .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177:hover , .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177:visited , .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177:active { border:0!important; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177:active , .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177 .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u66efd42db7fae9c5b602e4101d340177:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Multicultural Education in America EssayGOFFMANThis notion of a planned response, as well as the behavior of apanhandler tossing pennies onto the street, fit very well into Erving Goffmansdiscussions in Asylums. Goffman talks both about secondary adjustments, whichhe defines as ways in which the individual stands apart from the role and theself that were taken for granted for him by the institution (Goffman, page 189),and mortification, or being stripped of ones identity kit. (Goffman, page 21). By developing techniques in order to most quickly and painlessly respond to thedemands for change, we are actually making a secondary adjustment; if we nevertrained ourselves to deal with these situations, we would probably feel very illat ease with the situation and not handle ourselves well. Being put out on thestreet is clearly quite difficult. How does one respond to suddenly being aloneand forced to fend for oneself, without money, shelter, or food? This processof developing a new life on the street, without the support of society, is veryclose to what Goffman calls mortification. Although the situations are verydifferent, one with too many walls, one with too few, there is no denying thesense of loss of self felt in both cases. The prevention of mortification isone of the biggest reasons for secondary adjustments and when we look at oneparticular panhandler, who, in an effort to maintain some final shreds ofdignity, would throw any pennies he had been given out onto the sidewal k, we seea clear adjustment made. To this man, it wouldnt matter if he was given tendollars worth of pennies, because needing those pennies represented the lowesthe could possibly reachCONCLUSIONWhat does any of this mean? What can we gain from looking at thisinformation? While no great social upheaval will occur because of this research,there is no question that we at least have a bit more perspective as to thenature of these interactions. Though I expected to find more patterns- forexample, I had expected that older people would perhaps be more sympathetic- Ialso had not expected to witness so many clear interactions from the homelessand methods used to challenge the authority the panhandlers had gained. Eventhough there is no question that the homeless, through the initiation of theinteraction, control that element of the confrontation, its important torealize that it is the person who is being asked for the money who ends up withcontrol as it is their choice whether or not to gi ve away any of their money. Out of about forty people who walked by at one point, only one of them gave apanhandler any money, and that represents a very clear pattern. Sadly, thatpattern, without a significant effort on the part of local and nationalgovernment, wont change anytime soon. We may never cure the problems faced bythe homeless and we may never be able to retrain our society to be more tolerant,but we can at least, hopefully, begin to take steps to that end. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-75416586895238626692019-11-24T17:13:00.001-08:002019-11-24T17:13:04.119-08:00Free Essays on America And Unilateralism In Iraqi WarUnilateralism Unilateralism in this case means Americaââ¬â¢s decision to go into the war with or without the UN support. Such concern follows decisions and acts which indicate a ââ¬Å"go-it-aloneâ⬠attitude and the question of the United Statesââ¬â¢ participation in multilateral treaties and its respect for international law. US decided to go alone because they considered resolution 1441 from the 7th amendment sufficient. ââ¬Å"Why America should abandon its instincts for unilateralismâ⬠by Chris Patten Chris Patten the EU commissioner for external relations said that ââ¬Ëto assert that Americas first duty must be to protect its own democracy and the rights of its own people is not selfish, any more than it is wrong for Americas policy makers to be concerned to the extent to which international obligations may come to represent a threat to US sovereigntyââ¬â¢ He uncounted five reasons for why we need American leadership and international cooperation on an unprecedented scale. ââ¬ËLeadership should be exercised in partnershipââ¬â¢ -Modern world should be more connected in order to protect itself -Globalisation ââ¬â countries have to work together to resolve common problems -International institutions need to be in the model of ââ¬Ëeverything by the rulesââ¬â¢ -Europe should spend more money on defence -Long-term effectiveness costs ââ¬â but accumulates over time. The Terror Iraq gained its autonomy after the World War 2. After they removed the king the ruler ship of Sadam Hussein became effective. Consequently Sadam infuses dictatorship and tries to become a leader of all the Arabs. The money made by oil he spends on personal army and luxury. While he lives like in the 1001 night fairytales, his people live in terrible poverty. In the beginning of 1980ââ¬â¢s there was a 8 year war with Iran whilst which Sadam uses weapons of mass destruction forbidden by resolution of UN. In the summer of 1990 Sadam attacks and occupies neighbo... Free Essays on America And Unilateralism In Iraqi War Free Essays on America And Unilateralism In Iraqi War Unilateralism Unilateralism in this case means Americaââ¬â¢s decision to go into the war with or without the UN support. Such concern follows decisions and acts which indicate a ââ¬Å"go-it-aloneâ⬠attitude and the question of the United Statesââ¬â¢ participation in multilateral treaties and its respect for international law. US decided to go alone because they considered resolution 1441 from the 7th amendment sufficient. ââ¬Å"Why America should abandon its instincts for unilateralismâ⬠by Chris Patten Chris Patten the EU commissioner for external relations said that ââ¬Ëto assert that Americas first duty must be to protect its own democracy and the rights of its own people is not selfish, any more than it is wrong for Americas policy makers to be concerned to the extent to which international obligations may come to represent a threat to US sovereigntyââ¬â¢ He uncounted five reasons for why we need American leadership and international cooperation on an unprecedented scale. ââ¬ËLeadership should be exercised in partnershipââ¬â¢ - Modern world should be more connected in order to protect itself - Globalisation ââ¬â countries have to work together to resolve common problems - International institutions need to be in the model of ââ¬Ëeverything by the rulesââ¬â¢ - Europe should spend more money on defence - Long-term effectiveness costs ââ¬â but accumulates over time. The Terror Iraq gained its autonomy after the World War 2. After they removed the king the ruler ship of Sadam Hussein became effective. Consequently Sadam infuses dictatorship and tries to become a leader of all the Arabs. The money made by oil he spends on personal army and luxury. While he lives like in the 1001 night fairytales, his people live in terrible poverty. In the beginning of 1980ââ¬â¢s there was a 8 year war with Iran whilst which Sadam uses weapons of mass destruction forbidden by resolution of UN. In the summer of 1990 Sadam attacks and occupies neighbo... Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-33416465359920005522019-11-21T07:51:00.001-08:002019-11-21T07:51:05.060-08:00History of American Cities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsHistory of American Cities - Essay Example The influx of the foreigners in relatively large numbers have produced a multicultural environment that is responsible for the rapidly changing socio-political scenario of the cities. The existing society and the social setup has accommodated the growing numbers of new inhabitants by not only creating new jobs but new suburbs and slums thus embarking on a new road that defines the inhabitants by the location and locations could reliably affirm the inhabitantsââ¬â¢ race and culture. Historians and social scientists, through the years, have conducted studies to this effect and have come to some amazing results backed by research asserting that cities and suburbs are divided into specific locations that are characterized by the people who may be represented by their race, economic status or by their creative differences.à The cosmopolitan flavor of New York is distinguished by the colonies named after the different nationals inhabiting them, like Chinese colony, German colony, Span ish or Jewish colony. ââ¬ËEven the Arab, who peddles ââ¬Ëholy earthââ¬â¢ from the battery as a direct importation from Jerusalem, has his exclusive preserves at the lower end of Washington Streetââ¬â¢ (Riis). In the mid nineteenth century, the author Riis studied the immigrant population, living in tenements, in the lower New York and observed that the tenements developed according to the immigrants, well defined by their race and cultural background. The Italians, for example, had largely come to America in search of work and this was carried out by the fellow Italians who facilitated their immigration and later exploited them for their own vested interests.à Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-24686356620686733742019-11-20T10:12:00.001-08:002019-11-20T10:12:03.695-08:00Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1Diversity - Essay Example Cultural competence affirms the individual worth and facilitates in the protection of individual dignity. This process entails certain policies, practices and attitudes that increase the quality of services received by individual (Meidl & Meidl, 2011). Accordingly, all learning institutions must encourage and respect diversity in their learning policies and practices. Mary Beth Klotz (2006) asserts defines a culturally competent school as the one that honors, values and respects diversity in both teaching and learning in order to make the learning meaning and relevant to students with different cultural backgrounds (Marx & Byrnes, 2012). Ethnic diversity Students who experience negative stereotypes tend to have low self-esteem thus struggling with their academic work. Cultural differences affect language processing, social status and perceptual abilities. For instance, African-Americans of all grades experience negative schooling environment. Accordingly, White students account for 5 6 percent of students while African Americans account for 15 percent. English language learners of Latino ethnic background experience the highest dropouts. The rate of school dropout among White students is only 5.2 percent while compared with a high of 17.6 percent among Latinos and 9.3 percent among African American students (Marx & Byrnes, 2012). Teachers modify their approach to teaching depending on the varying perceptions and expectations of the students (Marx & Byrnes, 2012). The teachers must foster positive engagement through encouraging self-esteem in order to promote active participation of all students in the classroom. For students with English language difficulties, the teachers must respect the native language of the child. A cooperative learning strategy will address ethnic diversity through role-playing and encouraging students to work as a group (Marx & Byrnes, 2012). Accordingly, teachers can bridge the ethnic differences through positively talking about the diff erences and persuading the students to refrain from ethnic stereotyping (Marx & Byrnes, 2012). Intellectual challenge like learning disability Students with learning disabilities have low academic outcomes. Accordingly, this category of students has trouble in learning due to low perceptual skills and motor skills (Novak & Bartelheim, 2012). However, numerous pedagogical strategies accommodate students with learning disabilities. The teacher must be aware of the level of learning disability and implement a individual education plan that accommodates the learning needs of the student (Novak & Bartelheim, 2012). One of the strategies entails providing an outline of the course content and enough opportunities for the student to practice. The teacher can also use teamwork and encourage the students to play different roles within the learning group (Novak & Bartelheim, 2012). Culturally relevant pedagogy Teaching and learning in a culturally diverse classroom requires the understanding a nd respect of the cultures (Novak & Bartelheim, 2012). Cultural stereotypes and privileges disadvantage some students thus teachers must build alliances across the cultures in order to eradicate discrimination in learning. The teacher can incorporate issues dealing with ethnic background and culture in order to enable the students appreciate and respect the unique cultural differences (Thurlow, 2005). Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-78048565496890594732019-11-18T02:43:00.001-08:002019-11-18T02:43:02.869-08:00Spirometry and Puerto Rican Children Research ProposalSpirometry and Puerto Rican Children - Research Proposal Example However, for people suffering from asthma, breathing becomes a difficulty, a disease and condition that limits their activities and significantly reduces their quality of life while being exposed to an increasing risk of death (Bartolomei 2008; Ortega et al. 2002). Puerto Rican children in particular and Puerto Ricans in general have the highest prevalence of active asthma and morbidity among Hispanics (Flores 2002). Despite the fact that experience of poverty and other social- and environmental factors such as exposure to higher indoor and outdoor air pollutants, hazardous waste sites, pesticides, lead and mercury are prevalent among other Hispanic sub-groups like Mexicans, Dominicans and Cubans (Flores 2002). In this condition, wherein asthma prevalence continue to increase and asthma burden persists contributing to reduce productivity and missed school days, it becomes urgent to develop programs that will address concerns pertinent to acute attacks and long term care management of asthmatic children. This is essential in order to check the dwindling quality of life not only of the children who are having difficulty in breathing, but also of desperate parents struggling with their childrenââ¬â¢s disease. As such, this study intends to come up with a paradigm that will address concerns regarding asthma acute attacks and lay down an educational program that is feasible and authentically geared towards responding to the demands of Puerto Rican children with asthma. At the same time, it seeks to bridge the gap in the literature (Flores 2002). Since, it has been observed that Latinos, in general, are not properly represented in clinical studies and... This is essential in order to check the dwindling quality of life not only of the children who are having difficulty in breathing, but also of desperate parents struggling with their childrenââ¬â¢s disease. As such, this study intends to come up with a paradigm that will address concerns regarding asthma acute attacks and lay down an educational program that is feasible and authentically geared towards responding to the demands of Puerto Rican children with asthma. At the same time, it seeks to bridge the gap in the literature (Flores 2002). Since, it has been observed that Latinos, in general, are not properly represented in clinical studies and that most literatures dealing with Latinos health condition and disparity are homogenous and fails to recognize the diversity of Hispanic groups (Flores 2002). Although, it has been observed that when it comes to asthma issues, there appears to be a segregation of Hispanic groups in the collected data, however, it still fails to identify the definitive social and environmental factors that contribute to the high prevalence of active asthma among Puerto Ricans (Flores 2002).à In this regard, as there is a necessity to come up with programs and policies that will both address the issues of acute asthma attacks and long-term care management of asthma; the research asserts the notion that lung functions measurement, which are integral part of the diagnosis and treatment of asthma, be integrated in the treatment of acute asthma attacks and be incorporated in the education. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7272563940798997824.post-92048291647077737622019-11-15T15:14:00.001-08:002019-11-15T15:14:05.698-08:00Mechanised Infantry Past Present And Future History EssayMechanised Infantry Past Present And Future History Essay An armoured personnel carrier or an APC is a vehicle designed to carry men along with their weapons and equipment into the battlefield. It provides them limited protection against small arms and possesses some degree of fire support in the form of medium calibre weapons. Some of them are also referred to as Battle Taxis. In addition to these lightly protected versions there are also the heavily armed types commonly called the Infantry Fighting Vehicles. Armoured tanks, though lethal and well protected, are extremely vulnerable on the battlefield if operating independently. These threats range from the missiles launched from aerial platforms to the single infantryman carrying a hand held anti tank weapon. Therefore, a need was felt to group infantry along with the armoured tanks to provide them with protection against local threats while also allowing them to advance through areas cleared by this infantry element. To obviate the mobility differential between the two, this infantry was provided with vehicles to match the speed and reach of the tanks. This may be called the genesis of the APC or the Mechanised Infantry as it is now commonly referred to. The Mechanised Infantry has proved itself time again in various theatre of operations since its inception. Their importance has only been confirmed by their regular employment in a host of conflicts. Be it the Arab- Israel wars, the conflicts in Africa, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the present day insurgencys in Iraq and Afghanistan, these vehicles have proved their mettle time and again. Despite their potential, in the context of the Indian army there is a reluctance to take this arm seriously. Though this may not be true in the upper echelons of the organisation, within the middle rung there is a lack of comprehension and confidence in the capability of the mechanised infantry to carry out their task. Having personally witnessed the effect a platoon of ICVs can have on a belligerent force in Congo it can be confidently averred that an ICV/APC is the best platform to be employed in such tasks without the threat of an escalation in the conflict spectrum. This article will t race out the history of the mechanised infantry, discuss it role and employment in the present context and the likely future trends. It will also discuss the relevance of this arm in context of the Indian army and the methods to increase its employability. Role of the Mechanised Infantry The role of the Mechanised Infantry has more or less remained the same since its origin. The Wehrmacht during the Second World War carried out an analysis of its Panzer force and identified certain weaknesses. To overcome the shortcomings the following regulation was framed for the collaboration of the tanks and Panzer grenadiers. the tank fights the enemy tank and destroys other weapons. The Panzer grenadier looks for hidden anti-tank guns and fires on them. He prevents close quarter attack on the tanks. Covered by the tanks, he clears the enemys position. Mutual assistance is essential. In good country, the armour moves by bounds from cover to cover, giving fire protection to the panzer grenadiers following. In wooded areas, the Panzer grenadiers precede the tanks. and destroy the enemy with the weapons they carry on their vehicles.à [1]à The same field service regulations further explained the role of the panzer grenadiers: Every other arm is dedicated to helping the tank advance Tanks cannot completely clear the enemy from captured ground, and scattered groups of the enemy may combine to continue the fight. The Panzer grenadiers regiments follow the tanks in elongated echelon, and, collaborating with the second armoured wave, annihilate enemy remnants as well as carrying out the tasks of guarding and securing the rear and flanks of the armoured units. Panzer grenadiers hold the areas captured by tanks. Where a tank is obstructed by difficult terrain or by artificial barriers, the Panzer grenadiers advance first. The conditions for this are: (a) attacking across rivers; (b) in heavily wooded areas, swamp or badly cut-up terrain; (c) minefields, anti-tank ditches and other tank obstacles: (d) when breaking through enemy anti-tank fronts. The tanks will give supporting fire to the Panzer grenadier advance. Once past the obstacles, the tanks resume the leadership of the advance .à [2]à The role, task and method of employment of the mechanised infantry have more or less remained the same since then with only refinements in the drills and tactics. However the equipment has evolved with time and what once a primitive machine with limited firepower and protection is today a weapon with tremendous destructive and capability and adequate protection to allow the infantry to operate with relative comfort and safety. History of Mechanised Infantry The history of the tank and the APC/ICV are entwined. They can be traced to the First World War with the development of the ____________. Though this is referred to as the first modern tank, history is replete with examples where commanders have utilised the concept of heavily armed soldiers on chariots and elephants provided with adequate protection taking on the enemy. Ziska, a great warrior of his days, employed the Wagon-Lagers during the Bohemian Wars of 1410-20 against the Catholic Crusaders. These wagon mounted cannons were extremely effective against the German armies. The Scots, in 1456, invented a wooden cart that encased its crew and protected them. Horses, enclosed in wood for protection, were used to propel these carts. However, it was only after the Battle of Somme in 1916 that the potential of the tank was realised and they began to be regarded as the deciding factors in combat engagements throughout the world. The introduction of the tank at the later stages of World War I did not bring about any change in the war fighting methods being employed. They were simply regarded as a means to end the indecisiveness of Trench Warfare. Large scale casualties with no tangible territorial gains led to the development of this weapon system, designed to cross the miles of barbed wire and torn up earth between the two opposing forces. Success in such form of warfare was also only achievable if the foot soldier could move over the inhospitable terrain with speed and protection and exploit the breakthroughs achieved. The tank was found to be the most suitable means of gaining the desired breakthrough. However, this too had it its inherent shortcomings, with the primary one being that of sustaining the success. Even though the tank was capable of gaining the initial foothold, it was by itself vulnerable to individual/ group of soldiers who could close in with it and destroy it. The British were the first t o realise it and developed the first armoured personnel carrier the Mark IX, essentially a redesigned and lengthened version of the Mark V Male tank. The initial idea was to provide some protection to the infantryman from the machine gun fire so as to allow them to cross the battle field and thereafter serve as the eyes and ears for the tanks as well as providing it with protection. Development of Mechanised Infantry The inter war years were a period of stagnation in the field of armoured warfare for the US and most of the European countries. They persisted with the employment of tanks as supporting arm for the infantry in a piecemeal manner. The Germans, under the guidance of Guderian, developed their own employment philosophy, that of Blitzkrieg. Accordingly they built the SdKfz25, a half track, to be used to carry the infantry behind the rapidly moving tanks. These combined task forces gave the Germans their famous victorys and changed the face of armoured warfare. They were referred to as the Panzer grenadiers, a forerunner of the present day Mechanised Infantry Concurrently, the US developed their M2 and M3 half tracks while the British made the Bren Carriers. Often, APCs were armoured cars with the capacity for carrying troops, but they subsequently evolved into purpose-built vehicles to suit the demands of motorised warfare of the Second World War. Thereafter, subsequent development of the Mechanised Infantry was done on the basis of the employment philosophy being followed by the respective countries. The US and the USSR went about developing their own versions of the APCs which differed in both design and use. USSR/Warsaw Pact Countries The USSR continued development on ICVs after the end of the world war and developed the vehicles as per their doctrine. Based on the experience of the World War, they identified the need for greater protection and firepower to the APC than the US and introduced the Infantry Fighting Vehicle The aim was to achieve a breakthrough to allow the infantry to get through with speed and exploit the available opportunity. The increased lethality of the anti tank missiles demanded greater protection to the infantry soldier sitting inside the vehicle. The soldier sitting inside was provided the ability to bring to bear his personal weapon while under fire. Accordingly, the BMP-1 was designed which catered for all the above requirements. It had a 73 mm gun, the Malutka anti tank missile and machine guns. There was also the provision of port hole in the stick compartment that allowed for use of the personal weapons while sitting inside the vehicle. The BMP intended to pin down the enemy soldiers while on attack and to provide fire support with the heavier weapons while the infantry was dismounted. The Israel-Arab conflict of 1967 and 1973 exposed some vulnerability in the vehicle which saw the development of the BMP-II. The 30 mm cannon replaced the 73 mm gun while the missile was upgraded to the second generation AT-4/5s. The commander was given additional protection and the strength of the section was reduced from 11 to 10. Thereafter, the Russian built the BMP-III which was less of an ICV and more of a light tank with a 100 mm gun, an additional 30 mm cannon and a gun barrel launched missile system. It enjoys better armour protection and is still light enough to be transported by air. NATO/US APCs The US developed their version of the vehicle on a different doctrine. Their concept involved the vehicle to provide mobility to its infantry while simultaneously protecting it. Emphasis is not on firepower as the same would be catered by the tanks moving ahead. Accordingly they built the Armoured Personnel Carrier or the APC. This operated on the concept of Battle Taxis. The vehicle was meant to carry the infantry into battle and thereafter was left out of battle. The most popular of these was the M113 box on tracks. They were introduced in service in 1960 and since then almost 80,000 of these have been built. They were used effectively for the first time in the Vietnam conflict. There were a number of variants build alongside the primary version. These were used as Command Posts, mortar carriers and ambulance APCs. Because of their versatility, these have been used very effectively used by commanders for tasks they were not designed for. For instance, M-113s were used to lead the a ttack on the Vietcong in the absence of tanks. This family was extremely popular among the US allies and a large number were inducted in almost 50 other nations. With the introduction of the BMP-1 in the Soviet army the US had to rethink their approach. The large number of A vehicles (tanks and ICVs) available with Russia forced the US army to concentrate on increasing their anti tank capability. They introduced the TOW missile into their force. However the TOW didnt possess any protection leaving the firer vulnerable to return fire while he tracked the missile to the target. The US built the M2 Bradley as a counter to the Russian BMP-I. They revised their existing philosophy and built a vehicle with heavy armament and armour protection. It was given a TOW missile launcher with the operator under armour. It had an additional 25mm Bushmaster cannon and portholes for the infantry to fire from. It was fairly heavy by the standards of an APC and was supposed to fight behind the infantry and not operate as a Battle Taxi. The Army believed that the Bradley, initially known as the MICV, was essential so the Army could adopt an armour doctrine that was similar to German doctrine and appropriate to a mechanised battlefield characterized by highly lethal modern weapons and numerical superiority of the enemy. They have proved their value in numerous theatres be it Kuwait, Iraq and Afghanistan. But these have been service since 1964 and the US army has been looking for an alternative. This led to the introduction of the Stryker family of vehicles. This is an eight wheel drive combat vehicle and the focus of the US armys Transformation. It provides enhanced protection to the soldiers from RPG and IED attacks. It has operated extensively in Operation Iraqi Freedom to the tune of six million miles. It is planned to enhance the armour protection by adding reactive armour modules. The US army plans to induct 2691 vehicles for the seven Stryker Brigade Combat Teams that it is r aising. Despite the performance of the Stryker, it does a have its share of detractors who warrant against the replacement of the M-113s and M2 Bradleys. The major disadvantage with the Stryker is the weight of the vehicle which reduces its strategic/tactical mobility. As a comparison, the C-17 can carry four combat ready M-113s against two Stryker vehicles. There are other inherent disadvantages with the Stryker family, however the US is keen to continue using them and there have been mixed reviews regarding their performance from the soldiers on ground. Other Nations The development of APC/ICVs has not remained with only the US and the Russians. Other nations have also built/ developed models base on their requirements and doctrines. The French army is using the Và ©hicule de lAvant Blindà © or VAB (Armoured Vanguard Vehicle in French). This is an extremely popular wheeled APC in service since 1974. Its popularity can be gauged by the fact that the US is using the same for their own police departments. One more vehicle that merits attention is the Israeli Achzarit which is based on the Soviet T-55 tank. The IDF modified the tanks they had captured from the Arab armies by removing the turret and modifying the chassis for troop carriage by adding a rear door. The engine was replaced and reactive armour installed. This design of APC was contrary to the existing philosophy of light vehicles. The IDF considered troop protection to be the primary factor and hence the heavy protection at the cost of weight. Availability of strategic mobility not being an imperative IDF could afford to build these heavy APCs. Mechanised Infantry for Indian Army The Indian army acquired its first Mechanised unit in 19__. Since then it has raised the Mechanised Infantry Regiment and converted the Brigade of the Guards to a mechanised profile. These units are primarily meant to operate in the Western Theatre, both in the desert and the plains sectors. They are trained to operate as per the new Indian Cold Start Doctrine which envisages the armour and mechanised infantry forming Integrated Battle Groups to launch into an adversary. However there is a school of thought within the army that questions the utility of the ICV. With better mobility available with the infantry, their being able to keep pace with the tanks is no longer an issue. In addition, the BMP-II does not have enjoy adequate protection against the adversarys anti- tank capability. Therefore, it may be argued that the infantry may be able to perform the tasks meant for the mechanised infantry. In any case, grouping an infantry battalion with the armour to carry out Encounter Cross ing on the water obstacle to overcome the shortfall of mechanised infantry is an option occasionally practised. If that be so, can the infantry replace the Mechanised Infantry outright? This line of though needs to be negated at the earliest. The more logical question that needs to be asked is that can the mechanised infantry do tasks traditionally associated with the armoured tanks. Before addressing that question let us first reemphasise the importance/relevance of the mechanised infantry. The mechanised infantry is traditionally expected to follow in the wake of the leading armoured column and thereafter clear/ mop up the remnants. This envisages the mechanised infantry moving close behind in relative safety. The ICVs though vulnerable to anti tank missiles provide adequate protection against aimed small arms weapons and artillery splinters in comparison to motorised infantry. Therefore it is unlikely that motorised infantry could replace the mechanised infantry. The employment of infantry for tasks such as Encounter Crossings on obstacles is due to the non availability of mechanised infantry and hence logically, there is a need to raise more units of the same. Both in plain and the desert sector, it is envisaged that certain built-up areas will have to be cleared to open the axis. This will entail the initial isolation/investment being done by the mechanised columns and thereafter the infantry soldier supported by tanks carrying out the physical clearance of the town/village. This tactics though possible in theory is unlikely to succeed in practise. This was best illustrated in Operation Iraqi Freedom where in the battle for the town of Fallujah the initial operations were carried out by the M1 Abrams and the Bradleys both, with the infantry man only being employed in the last phase. Based on this experience of fighting in built up area, it may be confidently averred that own mechanised infantry will have to be committed for the clearance of these areas which as of now do not factor in the troops to task. The mechanised infantry is relieved by the follow up infantry to allow them to reach the projection area at the earliest. Clearing of a built up area in the adversarys terrain is unlikely to involve fighting only regular enemy troops. The local population is likely to put up a resistance as well, similar to what is being seen in both Afghanistan and Iraq. If that be the case the ICV will assume greater importance and may have to be employed for a longer period to overcome the resistance. This merits a greater availability of mechanised infantry to allow for the dual task of fighting the Projection area battle while simultaneously clearing the inter objectives to open the axis at the earliest. Similarly, Corridor Protection will be of extreme importance and ICVs may have to be employed in larger numbers. All these only reinforce the requirement of a larger strength of mechanised infantry. India desires to be recognised as powerful global player both economically and militarily. The same has been reflected in the Army Doctrine which states Indias desire to be able to conduct Out of Area Contingencies. This capability requires the force to possess adequate strategic mobility. There is a need to have the air/sea assets to move this force in the envisaged time frame and adequately strong force to be put on ground capable of achieving its aim till such time the remainder force is built up. The sheer weight of the tank precludes it being available to such a force in the desired numbers. Therefore the next best alternative is the ICV which though much less destructive is still better than the unprotected infantry. Even the US faced this problem while deploying in Iraq despite having the best air assets in the world. Against an initial plan of a heavy infantry division of 15,000 soldiers and 1,500 armoured vehicles, they could only achieve 2000 airborne soldiers supported by less than two dozen Bradleys and M1 Abrams. This was primarily due to the absence of rapidly deployable light armoured vehicles.à [3]à India is not a rich country, it has to weigh its options, prioritise and then select the best compromise. It would be futile to expect a large increase in the number of mechanise infantry battalions. Similarly, keeping the constraints of finances, equipment management and training in mind, it would be difficult to have different vehicle for different roles. The best option would be to have a single family of vehicle capable of conducting multiple tasks. This leads us to the next question, is it time to replace the BMP-II with something better (if not better, then more suitable). I would like to suggest that it is time to phase out the BMP-II and replace it with the more superior BMP-3. The BMP-3 can be, at a stretch, grouped under the nomenclature of a light tank. With its 100mm cannon, barrel launched missile and an additional 30 mm cannon, it packs considerably more fire power than a BMP-II and only a little less than a tank. It has better armour and NBC protection than the BMP-II while being only marginally heavier (18.7 Tons against 14.4 Tons). It can easily be transported by air and on landing is adequately strong to perform in the absence of tank support. It is able to carry seven infantry soldiers, similar to the BMP-II. It is the most suitable vehicle for any Rapid Action Force that India plans to raise for conducting Out of Area operations. The Israel-Lebanon conflict of 2006 reinforced the vulnerability of armoured tanks in Low Intensity conflicts noticed in Iraq and Afghanistan. The high profile Merkava was targeted repeatedly by the Hamas insurgents along its vulnerabilities leading to material damage and loss in morale. In these circumstances, it is imperative that tanks operate in conjunction with infantry. The inherent disadvantage of a tank operating in a built up area is its lack of visibility and arc of fire, both vertically and horizontally. The BMP-3 can traverse vertically from -6 to 60 degrees which is a major requirement for clearing of h igh buildings. The presence of seven infantry soldiers moving in close proximity provide the requisite close protection, while the 100mm gun and 30 mm cannon are sufficient to destroy any target. It may be argued that the BMP-3 may preclude the requirement of a tank to be grouped along, thus freeing them for more important tasks. The BMP-3 has recently been tested in UAE against the US Bradleys and British Warriors. Their performance has been appreciated and the Arabs are looking to induct them though they have traditionally relied on the US and British for military equipments. The BMP-3 may be considered for induction in the Indian army to bridge the gap between the ICV and the heavy tanks thus filling a long felt absence of an interim vehicle. The next important aspect to be considered is the required increase in the number of mechanised infantry units. India has a large land boundary with different terrain features. Economics and world pressure do not allow it to increase the strength of its standing army. The next likely option is to convert more infantry units to a mechanised profile. This against has its disadvantages, as there would be lesser number of units available for standard infantry tasks along the Line of Control, the International Boundary and the Line of Actual Control. There would be greater pressure of the units and the present turn over period of 2-3 years would further reduce. There is, however, one more option worth considering. This option envisages ICVs to be considered as part of sector stores in the Western theatre. The infantry battalions would be dual trained i.e. holding ICVs when deployed in Plains/deserts while reverting to infantry in mountains leaving their mechanised equipment behind for the unit relieving them. Training a fully operational mechanised battalion takes time; therefore this is an option that will only work in a long run. There are likely to be equipment management issues as well for such an option. Feasibility of this can only be gauged after detailed analysis and study. In the meantime the mechanised infantry has to continue to function in its present form. Conclusion The importance of mechanised infantry cant be stressed upon more. It is an integral part of the mechanised forces and has its tasks delineated. For all the fire power and protection available to the tank, it still needs the infantry sitting inside the ICV to operate. The tanks have relied heavily on the mechanised infantry since Second World War for their survival. This reliance is stated in a memorandum by the German Oberkommando des Heers( OkH): There can be no doubt that, without the closest cooperation of the panzer grenadier and the tank, the latter is of limited value It is even said by some that commanders would prefer to lose tanks rather than their infantry..à [4]à Regardless of how the panzer grenadier arrived in the battle, these mechanised infantrymen were indispensable to the German concepts of combined arms and manoeuvre warfare as the Wehrmacht practiced them during the Second World War.à [5]à The tenets of mechanised warfare have not changed in the intervenin g years. Therefore what was true of mechanised infantry then remains so today. Instead of questioning the relevance of mechanised infantry, there is a need to increase its numbers and provide it with a better platform to allow it to perform its task better. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0